{"schemaVersion":"cwiki-fiche-1.0","identifiers":{"inchiKey":"RCEKSVIFQKKFLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N","prefName":"FDU-PB-22","symbol":"FDU-PB-22","iupacName":"naphthalen-1-yl 1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]indole-3-carboxylate","aliases":["FDU-PB-22","naphthalen-1-yl 1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1h-indole-3-carboxylate"],"cas":"1883284-94-3","pubchemCid":"119025888","chebiId":"CHEBI:183978","smiles":"C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC=C2OC(=O)C3=CN(C4=CC=CC=C43)CC5=CC=C(C=C5)F","molecularFormula":"C26H18FNO2","molecularWeight":395.4,"xrefs":{"pubchem":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/119025888","chebi":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:CHEBI:183978"}},"classification":{"family":"scra","familyLabel":"Synthetic cannabinoid (SCRA)","origin":"synthetic","originLabel":"Synthétique","structuralClassFr":null},"originSynthesis":{"heading":"Origin (pharmaceutical research → illicit market)","summaryFr":"No biosynthetic route: FDU-PB-22 is a synthetic compound with no known natural equivalent. It belongs to the class of indole-3-carboxylic acid esters, whose indole nitrogen carries a 4-fluorobenzyl group and whose ester is linked to 1-naphthol.","originNote":"Synthetic molecule, described as such in the analytical and toxicological literature. No source consulted reports it in a plant or a living organism. It has been found in herbal mixtures, according to the 2014 reports cited by Diao et al. (2016).","discovered":""},"pharmacology":{"summaryFr":"FDU-PB-22 is a synthetic cannabinoid of the indole-3-carboxylate family, sharing its structural family with PB-22. It was detected in 2014 in herbal mixtures in Japan, Russia and Germany (Diao et al., 2016). No affinity constant for CB1 or CB2 is published for this molecule in the sources consulted. The available data concern mainly its metabolism: its half-life in human liver microsomes is 12.4 minutes, and its hydrolysis yields an indole-3-carboxylic acid (FBI-COOH), and this acid and its hydroxylated derivative are recommended as urinary markers. No clinical series specific to FDU-PB-22 was found in the sources consulted, so its toxicity profile remains poorly documented.","receptorSummaryFr":"Synthetic cannabinoid of the indole-3-carboxylate family, a class described by Hill et al. (2018) as agonists of the cannabinoid receptors. No affinity constant for CB1 or CB2, and no functional activity measurement, is published for FDU-PB-22 in the sources consulted. The available measurements concern neighbouring molecules: Banister et al. (2015) characterised the agonist activity of PB-22 and 5F-PB-22 at CB1 and CB2 in a functional assay, with no data for FDU-PB-22.","binding":[{"target":"CB1","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":20,"reported":"aucune constante d'affinité publiée dans les sources consultées pour le FDU-PB-22 (classe des carboxylates d'indole : agonistes selon Hill et coll., 2018)","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"CB2","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":20,"reported":"aucune constante d'affinité publiée dans les sources consultées pour le FDU-PB-22 (classe des carboxylates d'indole : agonistes selon Hill et coll., 2018)","confidence":"medium"}],"references":[{"label":"Diao et coll., métabolisme in vitro et in vivo du FDU-PB-22 et du FUB-PB-22, AAPS Journal, 2016","pmid":"26810398","doi":"10.1208/s12248-016-9867-4","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26810398/"},{"label":"Jones et coll., glucuronidation du FDU-PB-22 par les UGT hépatiques, Xenobiotica, 2019","pmid":"30739533","doi":"10.1080/00498254.2019.1580403","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30739533/"},{"label":"Banister et coll., effets du fluor de bioisostérie sur huit cannabinoïdes de synthèse dont le PB-22 et le 5F-PB-22, ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2015","pmid":"25921407","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00107","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25921407/"},{"label":"Hill et coll., toxicité humaine des carboxylates d'indole et d'indazole de synthèse, Clinical Chemistry, 2018","pmid":"29038156","doi":"10.1373/clinchem.2017.275867","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29038156/"},{"label":"Liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants (ANSM, mise à jour du 16 février 2026), annexe IV, bloc « Dérivés du 3-carboxylate indole »","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"Liste verte de l'OICS, 36e édition (2025), absence du FDU-PB-22","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"},{"label":"Fiche PubChem du FDU-PB-22 (CID 119025888)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/119025888"}]},"pharmacokinetics":null,"metabolism":null,"detection":null,"subjectiveEffects":{"profile":[{"key":"calm","label":"Calm","description":"Relaxation of body and mind; reduced mental noise without marked drowsiness.","intensity":5},{"key":"focus","label":"Clarity","description":"Sustained attention and clear thinking; functional lucidity, not euphoria.","intensity":5},{"key":"sleep","label":"Sleep","description":"Sedative effect: aids sleep onset and the continuity of deep sleep.","intensity":10},{"key":"appetite","label":"Appetite","description":"Stimulation of hunger and of taste appreciation (the “munchies” effect).","intensity":10},{"key":"uplift","label":"High","description":"Euphoria and sensory intensity; altered perception of time and space.","intensity":10}],"doseRanges":null,"humanDataCharacterised":false},"indications":{"approvedMedicines":[]},"harmProfile":{"unstudiedBanner":true,"bannerTextFr":"Aucune dose humaine caractérisée : données animales / in vitro uniquement. Profil d'effet, marge de sécurité et toxicité aiguë non documentés en clinique humaine.","toxicologyFr":null},"legal":{"scheduleStatus":"unscheduled","scheduleLabel":"Unscheduled","frScheduleStatus":"controlled-named","tiers":[{"jurisdiction":"international","jurisdictionLabel":"International","label":null,"reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"eu","jurisdictionLabel":"Union européenne","label":"No harmonised control measure at Union level was found in the sources consulted for FDU-PB-22; control therefore falls under the national legislation of the member states. It is also absent from the INCB Green List (36th edition, 2025), which reproduces the schedules of the 1971 Convention.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"fr","jurisdictionLabel":"France","label":"Classified as a narcotic in France and cited by name. FDU-PB-22 appears in annex IV of the consolidated list of narcotics (updated 16 February 2026), within the block « 3-carboxylate indole derivatives », where the « Notamment » list cites « FDU-PB-22 ou naphthalen-1-yl 1-[(4-fluorophenyl) methyl]-1H-indole-3-carboxylate ». Its structure also meets each condition of this generic family definition (halobenzyl group on the indole nitrogen, indole core substituted or not, 1-naphthalenyl group on the carboxylate oxygen), but the classification rests on the citation by name.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null}],"sourcesFr":"EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA."},"references":[{"label":"Diao et coll., métabolisme in vitro et in vivo du FDU-PB-22 et du FUB-PB-22, AAPS Journal, 2016","pmid":"26810398","doi":"10.1208/s12248-016-9867-4","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26810398/"},{"label":"Jones et coll., glucuronidation du FDU-PB-22 par les UGT hépatiques, Xenobiotica, 2019","pmid":"30739533","doi":"10.1080/00498254.2019.1580403","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30739533/"},{"label":"Banister et coll., effets du fluor de bioisostérie sur huit cannabinoïdes de synthèse dont le PB-22 et le 5F-PB-22, ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2015","pmid":"25921407","doi":"10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00107","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25921407/"},{"label":"Hill et coll., toxicité humaine des carboxylates d'indole et d'indazole de synthèse, Clinical Chemistry, 2018","pmid":"29038156","doi":"10.1373/clinchem.2017.275867","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29038156/"},{"label":"Liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants (ANSM, mise à jour du 16 février 2026), annexe IV, bloc « Dérivés du 3-carboxylate indole »","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"Liste verte de l'OICS, 36e édition (2025), absence du FDU-PB-22","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"},{"label":"Fiche PubChem du FDU-PB-22 (CID 119025888)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/119025888"}],"meta":{"slug":"fdu-pb-22","url":"https://en.phytogrammes.com/wiki/fdu-pb-22","lastVerified":"2026-05-01","dataUpdatedAt":"2026-10-13","confidence":"high","dataCompletenessPct":90,"disclaimerFr":"Contenu éditorial informatif, sans valeur d'avis médical ni juridique. Sources primaires citées par fiche. Réservé aux adultes."}}