{"schemaVersion":"cwiki-fiche-1.0","identifiers":{"inchiKey":"FVYXIJYOAGAUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N","prefName":"Honokiol","symbol":"Honokiol","iupacName":"2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)-4-prop-2-enylphenol","aliases":["Honokiol","3,5'-Diallyl-4,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl","Purinol","4-allyl-2-(3-allyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)phenol"],"cas":"35354-74-6","pubchemCid":"72303","chebiId":"CHEBI:5759","smiles":"C=CCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)CC=C","molecularFormula":"C18H18O2","molecularWeight":266.3,"xrefs":{"pubchem":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/72303","chebi":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:CHEBI:5759"}},"classification":{"family":"ecs_tool","familyLabel":"ECS modulator (research)","origin":"synthetic","originLabel":"Synthétique","structuralClassFr":null},"originSynthesis":{"heading":"Origin (research tool)","summaryFr":"Honokiol is a plant biphenyl neolignan. Its precise biosynthetic pathway is not described in the sources retained for this record. It is present in several magnolia species, notably in the bark of Magnolia officinalis, where it accompanies magnolol, and in the seeds of Magnolia grandiflora.","originNote":"Natural product of plant origin, present in the bark of Magnolia officinalis, a plant used in East Asian traditional medicine, and in the seeds of Magnolia grandiflora. It is not a cannabinoid and does not come from cannabis.","discovered":""},"pharmacology":{"summaryFr":"Honokiol is a biphenyl neolignan found in the bark of Magnolia officinalis, where it accompanies magnolol, and in the seeds of Magnolia grandiflora. Measured by radioligand displacement, its affinity for cannabinoid receptors is modest: a Ki of 1.94 µM at CB2 and of 14.55 µM at CB1 (Pandey et al., 2023). Functional assays diverge. In cAMP assays, it behaves as a full agonist at CB1 and as an antagonist at CB2 (Rempel et al., 2013), whereas fluorescence assays reveal no specific activity at these receptors (Yip et al., 2025). The same authors report an inhibition of the T-type calcium channels CaV3.1, CaV3.2 and CaV3.3. In an animal behavioural model, an extract enriched in honokiol showed an anxiolytic-like effect whose involvement of CB1 was confirmed with an antagonist (Borgonetti et al., 2021). No human data on the endocannabinoid system are retained.","receptorSummaryFr":"Honokiol binds human CB1 and CB2 receptors with a modest affinity, in the micromolar range. In radioligand displacement assays, the Ki is 1.94 ± 0.16 µM at CB2 and 14.55 ± 2.47 µM at CB1 (standard error of the mean), with an apparent preference for CB2 (Pandey et al., 2023). Functional effects remain contradictory. In cAMP assays, honokiol behaves as a full agonist at CB1 and as an antagonist at CB2 (Rempel et al., 2013). Fluorescence assays show no specific activity at CB1 or CB2 (Yip et al., 2025). These data do not allow its activity on the endocannabinoid system to be characterised with certainty.","binding":[{"target":"CB2","efficacy":"modulator","relativeActivity":37,"reported":"Ki 1,94 ± 0,16 µM (Pandey et coll., 2023) ; antagoniste en AMP cyclique (Rempel et coll., 2013)","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"CB1","efficacy":"modulator","relativeActivity":5,"reported":"Ki 14,55 ± 2,47 µM (Pandey et coll., 2023) ; agoniste plein en AMP cyclique (Rempel et coll., 2013) ; aucune activité spécifique en fluorescence (Yip et coll., 2025)","confidence":"medium"}],"references":[{"label":"Pandey et coll., néolignanes de graines de Magnolia grandiflora face aux récepteurs cannabinoïdes et opioïdes, in vitro et in silico, Molecules 2023","pmid":"36770918","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36770918/"},{"label":"Rempel et coll., extrait de magnolia, magnolol et métabolites : activation des récepteurs CB2 et blocage de GPR55, ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2013","pmid":"24900561","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24900561/"},{"label":"Yip et coll., composés apparentés aux cannabinoïdes issus de plantes non cannabiques et activité antiépileptique chez la souris, Epilepsia 2025","pmid":"39530840","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39530840/"},{"label":"Chen et coll., pharmacocinétique du honokiol chez le rat, Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2004","pmid":"14970886","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14970886/"},{"label":"Han et coll., nanosuspensions de honokiol : biodisponibilité orale et biodistribution, Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014","pmid":"24448177","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24448177/"},{"label":"Borgonetti et coll., extrait de Magnolia officinalis enrichi en honokiol, effet anxiolytique et implication du récepteur CB1, J Pharm Pharmacol 2021","pmid":"33950239","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33950239/"},{"label":"PubChem CID 72303 : honokiol (identifiants)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/72303"},{"label":"ANSM, liste consolidée des stupéfiants (mise à jour du 16 février 2026)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"INCB, Green List 2026 (Convention de 1971)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"}]},"pharmacokinetics":null,"metabolism":null,"detection":null,"subjectiveEffects":{"profile":[{"key":"calm","label":"Calm","description":"Relaxation of body and mind; reduced mental noise without marked drowsiness.","intensity":20},{"key":"focus","label":"Clarity","description":"Sustained attention and clear thinking; functional lucidity, not euphoria.","intensity":10},{"key":"sleep","label":"Sleep","description":"Sedative effect: aids sleep onset and the continuity of deep sleep.","intensity":15},{"key":"appetite","label":"Appetite","description":"Stimulation of hunger and of taste appreciation (the “munchies” effect).","intensity":5},{"key":"uplift","label":"High","description":"Euphoria and sensory intensity; altered perception of time and space.","intensity":10}],"doseRanges":null,"humanDataCharacterised":true},"indications":{"approvedMedicines":[]},"harmProfile":{"unstudiedBanner":false,"bannerTextFr":null,"toxicologyFr":null},"legal":{"scheduleStatus":"unscheduled","scheduleLabel":"Unscheduled","frScheduleStatus":"unscheduled","tiers":[{"jurisdiction":"international","jurisdictionLabel":"International","label":null,"reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"eu","jurisdictionLabel":"Union européenne","label":"No harmonised control measure at European Union level is identified in the sources consulted for this record: any control falls to the member states.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"fr","jurisdictionLabel":"France","label":"Honokiol is named neither on the French narcotics list published by ANSM (consolidated version of 16 February 2026) nor on the INCB Green List 2026. Its structure meets none of the generic definitions of that list: it has neither the benzo[c]chromene nucleus targeted by the ANSM decision of 22 May 2024, nor the tetrahydrocannabinol skeleton, nor that of the cyclohexylphenols, indoles, indazoles or naphthylideneindenes described in the generic families. It is therefore not classified as a narcotic in France as of the list consulted.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null}],"sourcesFr":"EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA."},"references":[{"label":"Pandey et coll., néolignanes de graines de Magnolia grandiflora face aux récepteurs cannabinoïdes et opioïdes, in vitro et in silico, Molecules 2023","pmid":"36770918","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36770918/"},{"label":"Rempel et coll., extrait de magnolia, magnolol et métabolites : activation des récepteurs CB2 et blocage de GPR55, ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2013","pmid":"24900561","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24900561/"},{"label":"Yip et coll., composés apparentés aux cannabinoïdes issus de plantes non cannabiques et activité antiépileptique chez la souris, Epilepsia 2025","pmid":"39530840","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39530840/"},{"label":"Chen et coll., pharmacocinétique du honokiol chez le rat, Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2004","pmid":"14970886","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14970886/"},{"label":"Han et coll., nanosuspensions de honokiol : biodisponibilité orale et biodistribution, Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014","pmid":"24448177","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24448177/"},{"label":"Borgonetti et coll., extrait de Magnolia officinalis enrichi en honokiol, effet anxiolytique et implication du récepteur CB1, J Pharm Pharmacol 2021","pmid":"33950239","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33950239/"},{"label":"PubChem CID 72303 : honokiol (identifiants)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/72303"},{"label":"ANSM, liste consolidée des stupéfiants (mise à jour du 16 février 2026)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"INCB, Green List 2026 (Convention de 1971)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"}],"meta":{"slug":"honokiol","url":"https://en.phytogrammes.com/wiki/honokiol","lastVerified":"2026-05-01","dataUpdatedAt":"2026-10-13","confidence":"high","dataCompletenessPct":90,"disclaimerFr":"Contenu éditorial informatif, sans valeur d'avis médical ni juridique. Sources primaires citées par fiche. Réservé aux adultes."}}