{"schemaVersion":"cwiki-fiche-1.0","identifiers":{"inchiKey":"HSGMJSSWGKDWNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N","prefName":"JWH-048","symbol":"JWH-048","iupacName":"(7-methylnaphthalen-1-yl)-(2-methyl-1-pentylindol-3-yl)methanone","aliases":["JWH-048","ZLS6Q88UQ8"],"cas":"316189-66-9","pubchemCid":"11280135","chebiId":null,"smiles":"CCCCCN1C(=C(C2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)C3=CC=CC4=C3C=C(C=C4)C)C","molecularFormula":"C26H27NO","molecularWeight":369.5,"xrefs":{"pubchem":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/11280135"}},"classification":{"family":"scra","familyLabel":"Synthetic cannabinoid (SCRA)","origin":"synthetic","originLabel":"Synthétique","structuralClassFr":null},"originSynthesis":{"heading":"Origin (pharmaceutical research → illicit market)","summaryFr":"No known biosynthetic pathway: the molecule comes from organic synthesis, by acylation of an N-alkylated indole bearing a methyl group at position 2, using a naphthalene-1-carbonyl unit.","originNote":"Synthetic molecule, from the series of 1-alkyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indoles prepared in the laboratory. No source consulted reports it in cannabis or in another plant, nor in seized products or commercial mixtures.","discovered":""},"pharmacology":{"summaryFr":"JWH-048 is a synthetic cannabimimetic indole from the JWH series, combining an N-pentylated indole, a methyl group at position 2 and a naphthoyl group carrying a methyl at position 7. Published measurements place it among high-affinity ligands, with a Ki of 10.7 nM at CB1 and 0.49 nM at CB2. Its functional efficacy is not documented in the sources consulted, and no pharmacokinetic, toxicological or detection data is published in them.","receptorSummaryFr":"Measured affinities: Ki of 10.7 nM at CB1 (rat brain) and 0.49 nM at cloned human CB2, according to the data published by De Freitas et al., 2009. These values place the molecule among high-affinity ligands of both receptors, with a clear preference for CB2. Functional efficacy was not measured in the sources consulted: its classification as an agonist rests on its chemical family and on a tertiary classification (tertiary reference).","binding":[{"target":"CB1","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":85,"reported":"Ki 10,7 nM, cerveau de rat (De Freitas et coll., 2009)","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"CB2","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":95,"reported":"Ki 0,49 nM, CB2 humain cloné (De Freitas et coll., 2009)","confidence":"medium"}],"references":[{"label":"De Freitas et coll., modèles CoMFA et CoMSIA d'affinité et de sélectivité des ligands indoliques pour CB1 et CB2, Eur J Med Chem 2009","pmid":"19249138","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.01.026","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19249138/"},{"label":"Aung et coll., influence de la longueur de la chaîne N-1 des indoles cannabimimétiques sur la liaison aux récepteurs CB1 et CB2, Drug Alcohol Depend 2000","pmid":"10940540","doi":"10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00152-0","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10940540/"},{"label":"Huffman et coll., relations structure-activité des 1-alkyl-3-(1-naphtoyl)indoles aux récepteurs CB1 et CB2, Bioorg Med Chem 2005","pmid":"15582455","doi":"10.1016/j.bmc.2004.09.050","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15582455/"},{"label":"PubChem, CID 11280135 (JWH-048)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/11280135"},{"label":"ChEMBL, CHEMBL564066 (JWH-048)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL564066/"},{"label":"ANSM, liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants, mise à jour du 16 février 2026","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"INCB, Green List 2026 (Convention de 1971)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"},{"label":"JWH-048, Wikipédia (repère tertiaire)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JWH-048"}]},"pharmacokinetics":null,"metabolism":null,"detection":null,"subjectiveEffects":{"profile":[{"key":"calm","label":"Calm","description":"Relaxation of body and mind; reduced mental noise without marked drowsiness.","intensity":10},{"key":"focus","label":"Clarity","description":"Sustained attention and clear thinking; functional lucidity, not euphoria.","intensity":5},{"key":"sleep","label":"Sleep","description":"Sedative effect: aids sleep onset and the continuity of deep sleep.","intensity":10},{"key":"appetite","label":"Appetite","description":"Stimulation of hunger and of taste appreciation (the “munchies” effect).","intensity":10},{"key":"uplift","label":"High","description":"Euphoria and sensory intensity; altered perception of time and space.","intensity":8}],"doseRanges":null,"humanDataCharacterised":false},"indications":{"approvedMedicines":[]},"harmProfile":{"unstudiedBanner":true,"bannerTextFr":"Aucune dose humaine caractérisée : données animales / in vitro uniquement. Profil d'effet, marge de sécurité et toxicité aiguë non documentés en clinique humaine.","toxicologyFr":null},"legal":{"scheduleStatus":"unscheduled","scheduleLabel":"Unscheduled","frScheduleStatus":"controlled-clause","tiers":[{"jurisdiction":"international","jurisdictionLabel":"International","label":null,"reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"eu","jurisdictionLabel":"Union européenne","label":"No harmonised European Union control measure is documented for this molecule in the sources consulted: control rests with national legislation.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"fr","jurisdictionLabel":"France","label":"Not named in the consolidated ANSM list of narcotics (updated 16 February 2026). It nonetheless falls under the generic definition of indol-3-yl methanones in that same list: an alkyl substituent on the indole nitrogen, and a naphthyl group, substituted or not, on the methanone carbon. Both conditions are met here (pentyl chain, naphthyl bearing a methyl at position 7). The methyl at position 2 is not excluded by the definition, which cites JWH-007, a 2-methylindole. It is therefore classed as a narcotic under this clause.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null}],"sourcesFr":"EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA."},"references":[{"label":"De Freitas et coll., modèles CoMFA et CoMSIA d'affinité et de sélectivité des ligands indoliques pour CB1 et CB2, Eur J Med Chem 2009","pmid":"19249138","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.01.026","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19249138/"},{"label":"Aung et coll., influence de la longueur de la chaîne N-1 des indoles cannabimimétiques sur la liaison aux récepteurs CB1 et CB2, Drug Alcohol Depend 2000","pmid":"10940540","doi":"10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00152-0","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10940540/"},{"label":"Huffman et coll., relations structure-activité des 1-alkyl-3-(1-naphtoyl)indoles aux récepteurs CB1 et CB2, Bioorg Med Chem 2005","pmid":"15582455","doi":"10.1016/j.bmc.2004.09.050","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15582455/"},{"label":"PubChem, CID 11280135 (JWH-048)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/11280135"},{"label":"ChEMBL, CHEMBL564066 (JWH-048)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL564066/"},{"label":"ANSM, liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants, mise à jour du 16 février 2026","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"INCB, Green List 2026 (Convention de 1971)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"},{"label":"JWH-048, Wikipédia (repère tertiaire)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JWH-048"}],"meta":{"slug":"jwh-048","url":"https://en.phytogrammes.com/wiki/jwh-048","lastVerified":"2026-05-01","dataUpdatedAt":"2026-10-13","confidence":"high","dataCompletenessPct":90,"disclaimerFr":"Contenu éditorial informatif, sans valeur d'avis médical ni juridique. Sources primaires citées par fiche. Réservé aux adultes."}}