{"schemaVersion":"cwiki-fiche-1.0","identifiers":{"inchiKey":"CNTCHEBQQFICNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N","prefName":"JWH-098","symbol":"JWH-098","iupacName":"(4-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-(2-methyl-1-pentylindol-3-yl)methanone","aliases":["2-Methyl-1-pentyl-3-(4-methoxynaphthoyl)indole"],"cas":"316189-74-9","pubchemCid":"45272116","chebiId":null,"smiles":"CCCCCN1C(=C(C2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)C3=CC=C(C4=CC=CC=C43)OC)C","molecularFormula":"C26H27NO2","molecularWeight":385.5,"xrefs":{"pubchem":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/45272116"}},"classification":{"family":"scra","familyLabel":"Synthetic cannabinoid (SCRA)","origin":"synthetic","originLabel":"Synthétique","structuralClassFr":null},"originSynthesis":{"heading":"Origin (pharmaceutical research → illicit market)","summaryFr":"No biosynthetic pathway is described for this molecule: it results from organic synthesis within the naphthoylindole chemical class.","originNote":"Fully synthetic molecule from the JWH series of naphthoylindoles. No natural occurrence is recorded for this compound, which is not present in cannabis. It is described in the scientific literature as a synthetic cannabinoid, and its detection in biological fluids is the subject of studies.","discovered":""},"pharmacology":{"summaryFr":"JWH-098, or 2-methyl-1-pentyl-3-(4-methoxynaphthoyl)indole, is a synthetic cannabinoid from the naphthoylindole family, within the JWH series. It differs from JWH-081 only by a methyl group on carbon 2 of the indole. Its Ki is 4.51 nM on CB1 (rat brain) and 1.90 nM on human CB2 (De Freitas et al., 2009), a modelling study from which ChEMBL takes these values. Its functional efficacy is not documented in the sources consulted. A 2014 study examined its metabolism on rat liver slices, to help detect its metabolites in biological fluids (Strano-Rossi et al., 2014). No pharmacokinetic or toxicological data in humans are published in the sources consulted.","receptorSummaryFr":"Nanomolar affinity for CB1 and CB2. The Ki value of 4.51 nM on CB1 (rat brain) and the value of 1.90 nM on human CB2 come from the study by De Freitas et al. (2009), the source ChEMBL associates with this compound. Its functional efficacy is not documented in the sources consulted: its agonist activity is therefore not measured for this compound. Some analogues in the series are described as selective CB2 agonists (Huffman et al., 2005).","binding":[{"target":"CB1","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":88,"reported":"Ki 4,51 nM (cerveau de rat ; De Freitas et coll., 2009) ; agonisme présumé par classe, non mesuré dans les sources consultées","confidence":"medium"},{"target":"CB2","efficacy":"full_agonist","relativeActivity":90,"reported":"Ki 1,90 nM (CB2 humain cloné ; De Freitas et coll., 2009) ; agonisme présumé par classe, non mesuré dans les sources consultées","confidence":"medium"}],"references":[{"label":"De Freitas et coll., modélisation CoMFA et CoMSIA des ligands indoles de CB1 et CB2, Eur J Med Chem 2009","pmid":"19249138","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19249138/"},{"label":"Strano-Rossi et coll., métabolisme du JWH-015, JWH-098, JWH-251 et JWH-307, Anal Bioanal Chem 2014","pmid":"24804821","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24804821/"},{"label":"Huffman et coll., relations structure-activité des 1-alkyl-3-(1-naphtoyl)indoles sur CB1 et CB2, Bioorg Med Chem 2005","pmid":"15582455","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15582455/"},{"label":"Liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants, ANSM, mise à jour du 16 février 2026","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"Green List de l'INCB 2026 (conventions de 1971)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"},{"label":"PubChem, CID 45272116","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/45272116"}]},"pharmacokinetics":null,"metabolism":null,"detection":null,"subjectiveEffects":{"profile":[{"key":"calm","label":"Calm","description":"Relaxation of body and mind; reduced mental noise without marked drowsiness.","intensity":10},{"key":"focus","label":"Clarity","description":"Sustained attention and clear thinking; functional lucidity, not euphoria.","intensity":5},{"key":"sleep","label":"Sleep","description":"Sedative effect: aids sleep onset and the continuity of deep sleep.","intensity":10},{"key":"appetite","label":"Appetite","description":"Stimulation of hunger and of taste appreciation (the “munchies” effect).","intensity":10},{"key":"uplift","label":"High","description":"Euphoria and sensory intensity; altered perception of time and space.","intensity":8}],"doseRanges":null,"humanDataCharacterised":false},"indications":{"approvedMedicines":[]},"harmProfile":{"unstudiedBanner":true,"bannerTextFr":"Aucune dose humaine caractérisée : données animales / in vitro uniquement. Profil d'effet, marge de sécurité et toxicité aiguë non documentés en clinique humaine.","toxicologyFr":null},"legal":{"scheduleStatus":"unscheduled","scheduleLabel":"Unscheduled","frScheduleStatus":"controlled-clause","tiers":[{"jurisdiction":"international","jurisdictionLabel":"International","label":null,"reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"eu","jurisdictionLabel":"Union européenne","label":"No harmonised control measure at European Union level is documented for this molecule in the sources consulted; its control falls under national legislation.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null},{"jurisdiction":"fr","jurisdictionLabel":"France","label":"Not named in the consolidated list of substances classified as narcotics (ANSM, updated 16 February 2026), but classified as a narcotic under a generic family definition: « Indol-3-yl methanone ». This definition covers an indole ring bearing an alkyl substituent on the nitrogen and a naphthyl group, substituted or not, on the methanone bridge carbon. JWH-098 meets each of these conditions: a pentyl chain on the nitrogen and a 4-methoxynaphthyl group on the bridge. The definition does not restrict substitutions on carbon 2 of the indole: JWH-007, a 2-methylated analogue, is among the examples cited for this family, as is JWH-081, its analogue without a methyl at position 2.","reference":null,"url":null,"effectiveDate":null,"lastVerified":"2026-05-01","supersededBy":null}],"sourcesFr":"EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA."},"references":[{"label":"De Freitas et coll., modélisation CoMFA et CoMSIA des ligands indoles de CB1 et CB2, Eur J Med Chem 2009","pmid":"19249138","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19249138/"},{"label":"Strano-Rossi et coll., métabolisme du JWH-015, JWH-098, JWH-251 et JWH-307, Anal Bioanal Chem 2014","pmid":"24804821","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24804821/"},{"label":"Huffman et coll., relations structure-activité des 1-alkyl-3-(1-naphtoyl)indoles sur CB1 et CB2, Bioorg Med Chem 2005","pmid":"15582455","doi":null,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15582455/"},{"label":"Liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants, ANSM, mise à jour du 16 février 2026","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://ansm.sante.fr/uploads/2026/02/17/20260217-stupefiants-liste-consolidee.pdf"},{"label":"Green List de l'INCB 2026 (conventions de 1971)","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://www.incb.org/incb/uploads/documents/Psychotropics/forms/greenlist/2026/2510307E.pdf"},{"label":"PubChem, CID 45272116","pmid":null,"doi":null,"url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/45272116"}],"meta":{"slug":"jwh-098","url":"https://en.phytogrammes.com/wiki/jwh-098","lastVerified":"2026-05-01","dataUpdatedAt":"2026-10-13","confidence":"high","dataCompletenessPct":90,"disclaimerFr":"Contenu éditorial informatif, sans valeur d'avis médical ni juridique. Sources primaires citées par fiche. Réservé aux adultes."}}