Synthetic cannabinoid (SCRA)
UnscheduledAM-855
(4aR,12bR)-8-hexyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,4,4a,8,9,10,11,12b-octahydronaphtho[3,2-c]isochromen-12-ol
Aliases.AM855
Tetracyclic Δ8-THC analogue, a laboratory probe with no human data at all.
Updated on
Level of detail
Harm-reduction warning
No characterised human dose: animal / in vitro data only. Effect profile, safety margin and acute toxicity are not documented in human clinical practice. Extremely potent compound: severe effects, seizures and deaths reported in the literature.
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₂₆H₃₈O₂
- Molar mass
- 382.29 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- -
- PubChem CID
- 10091328
- First described
- Décrite en 1999 par l'équipe d'Alexandros Makriyannis (A. D. Khanolkar, D. Lu, P. Fan, X. Tian) dans Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, au sein d'une série d'analogues tétracycliques du Δ8-THC. Le préfixe AM identifie cette collection universitaire de ligands cannabinergiques, constituée pour la recherche fondamentale et non pour une mise sur le marché.
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule. It exists neither in cannabis, nor in any other plant, nor in animals: it was built in an academic laboratory from the classical cannabinoid skeleton, for the sole purpose of serving as a pharmacological probe. It has never been described as an ingredient of a consumer product.
- InChIKey
- GAAJNVWIOIOMPO-IPKCRJEZSA-N
In plain terms
AM-855 is a molecule made in the laboratory, found in no hemp plant. University chemists prepared it in 1999 to understand how cannabis receptors recognise the shape of the molecules that bind to them. It has never been studied in humans and goes into no product intended for consumption.
Receptors and activity
- CB1Ki 22,3 nMAgonist
- CB2Ki 58,6 nMAgonist
- Agonist
- Partial agonist
- Antagonist
- Modulator
- Inverse agonist
Hover over a row for the precise value (Ki, EC50…)
Subjective signature
Hover over an axis to read its definition.
- Calm5
- Clarity3
- Sleep5
- Appetite6
- High3
Editorial estimate, not clinical.
Pharmacology
AM-855 belongs to the classical cannabinoids: its skeleton is that of Δ8-THC, to which a fourth ring has been added in order to lock the side chain into a single orientation. This locking was the very object of the study: by immobilising the chain, the authors sought to identify the geometry that the receptor actually recognises. The reported affinities, about 22 nM at CB1 and 59 nM at CB2, place the molecule well above the starting Δ8-THC and confirm that the so-called southern orientation of the chain is the most favourable. Beyond this binding measurement the literature is silent: intrinsic efficacy was not measured, no in vivo study followed, and human data are entirely lacking. The fundamental difference from THC, which is only a partial CB1 agonist, lies in the fact that a high-affinity synthetic agonist can activate this receptor far more completely, which makes the response unpredictable; in the case of AM-855, this question has simply not been settled.
Key sources.
Origin (pharmaceutical research → illicit market)
None. AM-855 has no biosynthetic pathway and no living organism produces it; it results from a chemical modification of the Δ8-THC skeleton carried out in the laboratory, the side chain being closed into an additional ring.
Legal framework
France
AM-855 is not listed by name on any French narcotics list. The decree of 22 February 1990, annex IV, classifies tetrahydrocannabinols as well as their esters, ethers and salts: AM-855 is built on that skeleton but is neither an ester, nor an ether, nor a salt of THC, so this generic clause does not designate it in any obvious way. As things stand it is therefore a research reagent with no explicit status, mentioned in no published ANSM decision. It holds no authorisation as a food, cosmetic or supplement ingredient, which rules out its lawful presence in any product sold to the public.
European Union
No Union text covers AM-855. It does not figure among the synthetic cannabinoids that have been the subject of a risk assessment followed by a control measure at European level, and there is no indication that it has been reported to the Early Warning System on new psychoactive substances. Nor is it listed in the international conventions of 1961 and 1971. Several Member States nevertheless apply generic definitions or analogue laws liable to cover a derivative of this type without naming it.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
Structural classification
- Class
- Synthetic cannabinoid (SCRA)
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule. It exists neither in cannabis, nor in any other plant, nor in animals: it was built in an academic laboratory from the classical cannabinoid skeleton, for the sole purpose of serving as a pharmacological probe. It has never been described as an ingredient of a consumer product.
- Status
- Unscheduled
Cannabinoïde classique de type dibenzopyrane. AM-855 est un analogue tétracyclique du Δ8-THC dans lequel la chaîne latérale n'est plus libre : ses premiers carbones ont été incorporés dans un quatrième cycle à six sommets fusionné au cycle aromatique A, ce cycle portant lui-même un substituant hexyle. Le reste du squelette, pyrane gem-diméthylé et fonction phénol, est celui des cannabinoïdes classiques.
Pharmacokinetics
Aucune donnée publiée : ni absorption, ni distribution, ni demi-vie, ni biodisponibilité n'ont été mesurées pour AM-855. Le travail d'origine s'est arrêté aux essais de liaison sur récepteurs, sans administration à l'animal.
Metabolism
Non étudié. Aucun métabolite d'AM-855 n'a été identifié, ni chez l'animal ni chez l'humain, et aucune enzyme responsable de sa transformation n'a été caractérisée.
Toxicology and risks
Aucune étude de toxicité, aucun cas clinique et aucun décès ne sont rapportés pour cette molécule précise. Cette absence de signal ne vaut pas innocuité : rien n'a été recherché. Les intoxications documentées par agonistes cannabinoïdes de synthèse à forte affinité, associant tachyarythmies, vomissements incoercibles, convulsions, états confusionnels et atteintes rénales aiguës, concernent d'autres composés et non AM-855 ; ces observations ne peuvent pas lui être attribuées. Le point de vigilance générique reste celui de toute la classe : une affinité élevée pour CB1 rend la marge entre effet et accident étroite et mal prévisible, d'autant que ces substances circulent parfois pulvérisées sur des végétaux et vendues sous une étiquette trompeuse.
Detection and analysis
Aucune méthode analytique dédiée à AM-855 n'a été publiée et la molécule ne figure dans aucun panel toxicologique de routine. Les immunodosages cannabis usuels ciblent le métabolite principal du THC et ne sont pas validés pour elle. Une identification formelle supposerait une chromatographie couplée à la spectrométrie de masse, comparée à un étalon de référence.
References
- 1.Khanolkar AD, Lu D, Fan P, Tian X, Makriyannis A. Novel conformationally restricted tetracyclic analogs of Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1999;9(15):2119-2124.PMID 10465529
- 2.Notice encyclopédique AM-855 (source tertiaire, valeurs de Ki CB1 et CB2 rattachées à Khanolkar et al. 1999)
Structured data
- InChIKey
- GAAJNVWIOIOMPO-IPKCRJEZSA-N
- SMILES
- CCCCCCC1CCCC2=C(C3=C(C=C12)OC([C@H]4[C@H]3CC(=CC4)C)(C)C)O
- Formula
- C26H38O2
- Molar mass
- 382.29 g·mol⁻¹
- PubChem CID
- 10091328
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.