CUMYL-CBMINACA
Synthetic cannabinoid with a cyclobutylmethyl fragment, a potent CB1 agonist in vitro, scheduled as a narcotic in France through a generic clause.
C₂₂H₂₅N₃O
Harm-reduction warning
No characterised human dose: animal / in vitro data only. Effect profile, safety margin and acute toxicity are not documented in human clinical practice. Extremely potent compound: severe effects, seizures and deaths reported in the literature.
Data sheet
Names
- IUPAC name
- 1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)indazole-3-carboxamide
- Other names
- 3DAF3CP9N5 · SGT277
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₂₂H₂₅N₃O
- Molar mass
- 347.50 g/mol
- PubChem CID
- 155884799(new tab)
- InChIKey
- CFMZQSDQCNKGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Class
- Family
- Synthetic cannabinoid (SCRA)
Updated on
Receptors and activity
- CB1Agonist96 out of 100
Ki 1,32 nM (hCB1, Haschimi et coll., 2021) ; EC50 de 55,4 nM et Emax de 207 % en activation GTPγS (Haschimi et coll., 2021)
Subjective signature
- Calm
- 8 out of 100
- Relaxation of body and mind; reduced mental noise without marked drowsiness.
- Clarity
- 3 out of 100
- Sustained attention and clear thinking; functional lucidity, not euphoria.
- High
- 10 out of 100
- Euphoria and sensory intensity; altered perception of time and space.
- Appetite
- 10 out of 100
- Stimulation of hunger and of taste appreciation (the “munchies” effect).
- Sleep
- 8 out of 100
- Sedative effect: aids sleep onset and the continuity of deep sleep.
Pharmacology
CUMYL-CBMINACA is a synthetic indazole-3-carboxamide combining a cyclobutylmethyl fragment on nitrogen 1 of the indazole nucleus with a cumyl head. Haschimi et al. (2021) measure on the human CB1 receptor an affinity of 1.32 nM, higher than that of its indole analogue CUMYL-CBMICA (Ki of 29.3 nM), and an EC50 of 55.4 nM in GTPγS activation. Pulver et al. (2023) classify it among the full CB1 agonists, in comparison with delta-9-THC and CP-55,940. The abstracts of the two cited papers describe no clinical study and no data on the CB2 receptor, and no safe amount is defined. Classified as a narcotic in France under the generic clause for 3-carboxamide indazole derivatives, it is not named on the ANSM list.
Key sources.
- Haschimi et coll., nouveaux cannabinoïdes de synthèse à chaîne cyclobutylméthyle, métabolisme phase I humain et affinité CB1 du CUMYL-CBMICA et du CUMYL-CBMINACA, Drug Testing and Analysis 2021 (new tab)PMID 33788409
- Pulver et coll., pharmacologie, prévalence en Allemagne et données analytiques des agonistes cyclobutylméthyle et norbornylméthyle, Drug Testing and Analysis 2023 (new tab)PMID 36541839
- ANSM, Liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants, mise à jour du 16 février 2026 (définition « dérivés du 3-carboxamide indazole ») (new tab)
- OICS, Liste verte des substances psychotropes sous contrôle international, édition 2026 (new tab)
- PubChem, CUMYL-CBMINACA, CID 155884799 (new tab)
History
- Source
- A fully synthetic molecule, absent from cannabis and from any living organism. According to Haschimi et al. (2021), it belongs to a subclass whose products were distributed through online shops before disappearing from the market. Pulver et al. (2023) report that this cyclobutylmethyl fragment made it possible to circumvent German legislation, and that exploratory synthetic cannabinoids appeared between 2019 and 2021.
Origin (pharmaceutical research → illicit market)
No biosynthetic pathway: the molecule exists in no living organism and comes exclusively from organic synthesis of the indazole-3-carboxamide class, by forming an amide bond on carbon 3 of the indazole nucleus. Manufacture is described here by chemical class only.
Legal framework
- European Union
No harmonised European Union control measure targeting this molecule was identified in the sources consulted. It is also absent from the 2026 Green List of the International Narcotics Control Board, which reproduces the schedules of the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. According to Pulver et al. (2023), Germany scheduled in 2020, through an amendment to its law on new psychoactive substances, all synthetic cannabinoids with a cyclobutylmethyl side chain. Its control therefore rests on national legislation.
- France
The molecule is not named in the consolidated list of substances classified as narcotics published by ANSM (update of 16 February 2026). It does, however, meet each condition of the generic definition “derivatives of 3-carboxamide indazole” in that list: a cycloalkylmethyl substituent on nitrogen 1 of the indazole nucleus (here cyclobutylmethyl), an indazole nucleus that may or may not be substituted (here unsubstituted), and a carboxamide nitrogen bearing a cumyl substituent. The list moreover cites CUMYL-PINACA, which carries the same cumyl head, as an example of this family. It therefore falls under the narcotics regime.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
References
- Haschimi et coll., nouveaux cannabinoïdes de synthèse à chaîne cyclobutylméthyle, métabolisme phase I humain et affinité CB1 du CUMYL-CBMICA et du CUMYL-CBMINACA, Drug Testing and Analysis 2021 (new tab)PMID 33788409
- Pulver et coll., pharmacologie, prévalence en Allemagne et données analytiques des agonistes cyclobutylméthyle et norbornylméthyle, Drug Testing and Analysis 2023 (new tab)PMID 36541839
- ANSM, Liste consolidée des substances classées comme stupéfiants, mise à jour du 16 février 2026 (définition « dérivés du 3-carboxamide indazole ») (new tab)
- OICS, Liste verte des substances psychotropes sous contrôle international, édition 2026 (new tab)
- PubChem, CUMYL-CBMINACA, CID 155884799 (new tab)
Structured data
- SMILES
- CC(C)(C1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)C2=NN(C3=CC=CC=C32)CC4CCC4
- InChIKey
- CFMZQSDQCNKGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.