ECS modulator (research)
UnscheduledORG27569
5-chloro-3-ethyl-N-[2-(4-piperidin-1-ylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide
Aliases.Org 27569
A laboratory tool: the first described allosteric modulator of CB1, with no human data whatsoever.
Updated on
Level of detail
Harm-reduction warning
No characterised human dose: animal / in vitro data only. Effect profile, safety margin and acute toxicity are not documented in human clinical practice. Extremely potent compound: severe effects, seizures and deaths reported in the literature.
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₂₄H₂₈ClN₃O
- Molar mass
- 410.00 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 868273-06-7
- PubChem CID
- 44828492
- First described
- Décrit en 2005 par Martin R. Price et ses coauteurs dans Molecular Pharmacology, au terme d'une collaboration entre l'université d'Aberdeen, où travaillaient Roger Pertwee et Ruth Ross, et les laboratoires Organon, dont le préfixe Org sert de code interne aux composés. L'article présentait trois indoles apparentés, Org 27569, Org 27759 et Org 29647, et apportait la première démonstration que le récepteur CB1 possède un site allostérique reconnu par des ligands synthétiques. Org 27569 est resté depuis le composé de référence de cette famille, celui sur lequel presque toute la pharmacologie allostérique du CB1 a été construite.
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule, with no link to hemp: it occurs in no plant and has never been isolated from a natural product. It is a laboratory reagent, distributed as a tool for experimental pharmacology, with no medical use, no marketing authorisation and no documented presence in consumer products.
- InChIKey
- AHFZDNYNXFMRFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
In plain terms
Org 27569 is a laboratory molecule, made by synthesis and with no relation to hemp. It served to demonstrate that the CB1 receptor has a second binding point, distinct from the one where THC and the other cannabinoids attach. It has never been administered to human beings and remains a simple research reagent.
Receptors and activity
- CB1 (site allostérique)KB 217,3 nM, coopérativité de liaison α = 6,95 (Mahmoud et coll., 2013)Modulator
- CB1 (signalisation)IC50 de 139 à 546 nM sur l'ERK1/2 induite, selon l'agoniste orthostérique (Gamage et coll., 2016)Antagonist
- Agonist
- Partial agonist
- Antagonist
- Modulator
- Inverse agonist
Hover over a row for the precise value (Ki, EC50…)
Subjective signature
Hover over an axis to read its definition.
- Calm6
- Clarity4
- Sleep8
- Appetite4
- High3
Editorial estimate, not clinical.
Pharmacology
Org 27569 is an indole-2-carboxamide with no structural kinship to the cannabinoids. Described in 2005, it provided the first proof that the CB1 receptor has an allosteric site, which crystallography has since located outside the seven-helix bundle, on the outer face of helices 2, 3 and 4, in the inner leaflet of the membrane. Its profile is frankly paradoxical, which explains its place in the literature: it enhances the binding of orthosteric agonists to the receptor, with a positive binding cooperativity measured at around 7, while acting as an insurmountable antagonist of signalling, whether coupling to Gi/o proteins or β-arrestin recruitment. The magnitude of the effect depends strongly on the agonist present, which limits the reach of any measurement obtained with a single probe. What follows is less favourable. In animals the compound reproduces none of the effects expected of a CB1 antagonist in the cannabinoid tetrad and does not alter those of agonists; its reduction of food intake persists in mice lacking the CB1 receptor, hence through a mechanism other than the one announced, and the doses active on opioid withdrawal in mice are accompanied by a fall in locomotor activity suggestive of sedation. Work in rats has nonetheless reported a dose-dependent attenuation of relapse to cocaine and methamphetamine. Several authors have ultimately questioned its status as a reference for the class. Human data are entirely lacking: no administration to humans, no pharmacokinetics, no safety profile.
Key sources.
- Price MR et coll., Allosteric modulation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, Mol Pharmacol 2005PMID 16113085
- Ahn KH, Mahmoud MM, Kendall DA, Allosteric Modulator ORG27569 Induces CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor High Affinity Agonist Binding State, Receptor Internalization, and Gi Protein-independent ERK1/2 Kinase Activation, J Biol Chem 2012PMID 22343625
- Baillie GL et coll., CB1 receptor allosteric modulators display both agonist and signaling pathway specificity, Mol Pharmacol 2013PMID 23160940
- Mahmoud MM et coll., Structure-activity relationship study of indole-2-carboxamides identifies a potent allosteric modulator for the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), J Med Chem 2013PMID 24053617
- Gamage TF et coll., In-vivo pharmacological evaluation of the CB1-receptor allosteric modulator Org-27569, Behav Pharmacol 2014PMID 24603340
- Jing L, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Li JX, Effects of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor allosteric modulator ORG 27569 on reinstatement of cocaine- and methamphetamine-seeking behavior in rats, Drug Alcohol Depend 2014PMID 25169627
- Gamage TF, Anderson JC, Abood ME, CB1 allosteric modulator Org27569 is an antagonist/inverse agonist of ERK1/2 signaling, Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2016PMID 28660254
- Shao Z et coll., Structure of an allosteric modulator bound to the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, Nat Chem Biol 2019 (structure PDB 6KQI)PMID 31659318
- Green HM et coll., Insight into the mechanism of action of ORG27569 at the cannabinoid type one receptor utilising a unified mathematical model, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024PMID 38227196
- Scicluna RL et coll., Effects of CB1 receptor negative allosteric modulator Org27569 on oxycodone withdrawal symptoms in mice, Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024PMID 38676755
- PubChem, composé CID 44828492 (Org 27569)
Origin (research tool)
No biosynthetic pathway: this compound is produced by no living organism. It belongs to the chemical class of indole-2-carboxamides and arises from organic synthesis, by formation of an amide bond between a chlorinated indole-2-carboxylic acid and an amine bearing a phenylpiperidine motif. No cannabinoid precursor is involved in its preparation.
Legal framework
France
Org 27569 is not listed by name on any French list of narcotics or psychotropic substances. Nor does it fall within the generic clauses of annex IV of the decree of 22 February 1990: it is neither a tetrahydrocannabinol, nor an ester, ether or salt of a tetrahydrocannabinol, and its indole skeleton is not a derivative of the benzo[c]chromene nucleus covered by the ANSM decision of 22 May 2024. The situation is therefore that of an unscheduled substance, through the absence of any applicable text rather than by express exemption. This obviously does not amount to authorisation for marketing: the molecule is neither an authorised medicine nor an admitted food or cosmetic ingredient, and its lawful distribution is limited to use in research laboratories.
European Union
No listing under the international conventions of 1961 and 1971, and no harmonised control measure at European Union level. The molecule has been the subject of neither an initial report nor a risk assessment by the EUDA, and has never been reported on the new psychoactive substances market: it circulates solely as a research reagent between laboratories and specialist suppliers. National laws remain applicable and may differ from one Member State to another.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
Structural classification
- Class
- ECS modulator (research)
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule, with no link to hemp: it occurs in no plant and has never been isolated from a natural product. It is a laboratory reagent, distributed as a tool for experimental pharmacology, with no medical use, no marketing authorisation and no documented presence in consumer products.
- Status
- Unscheduled
Indole-2-carboxamide : noyau indole chloré en position 5 et porteur d'un éthyle en position 3, relié par une fonction amide à une chaîne éthyle substituée par un phényle para-pipéridinyle. Aucun élément du squelette terpénophénolique des cannabinoïdes végétaux, ni du squelette lipidique des endocannabinoïdes. La série voisine du PSNCBAM-1 occupe la même poche allostérique, ce qui a conduit plusieurs équipes à concevoir des hybrides entre les deux familles.
Pharmacokinetics
Aucune donnée humaine : la molécule n'a jamais été administrée à l'homme et ne fait l'objet d'aucun essai clinique. Chez le rongeur, elle a été employée par voie intrapéritonéale, entre 1 et 30 mg/kg selon les protocoles, et par voie intracérébroventriculaire à la dose de 100 µg pour placer le produit directement au contact du système nerveux central. Les paramètres classiques d'absorption, de distribution et de demi-vie ne sont pas publiés, y compris chez l'animal, et le degré de passage de la barrière hématoencéphalique après administration périphérique reste mal établi.
Metabolism
Le devenir métabolique n'a pas été caractérisé, ni chez l'homme ni chez l'animal : aucune étude d'identification de métabolites, de stabilité microsomale ou d'implication des cytochromes n'a été publiée pour cette molécule. La fonction amide centrale et le noyau indolique constituent des points de transformation attendus pour cette classe chimique, mais aucun travail expérimental ne vient documenter cette hypothèse.
Toxicology and risks
Aucune donnée humaine de sécurité n'existe, la molécule n'ayant jamais été administrée à l'homme. Les seuls signaux disponibles proviennent du rongeur et invitent à la prudence. Chez la souris, les doses de 10 et 30 mg/kg par voie intrapéritonéale réduisent l'activité locomotrice et augmentent le temps passé en périphérie de l'arène, deux marqueurs de sédation et d'état anxieux qui compliquent la lecture des tests comportementaux ; la dose de 3 mg/kg, dépourvue de cet effet, n'agit plus sur le sevrage aux opioïdes. La réduction de la prise alimentaire observée chez la souris persiste en l'absence de récepteur CB1, ce qui révèle au moins une cible hors CB1 restée non identifiée. Aucune étude de toxicité réglementaire, aucune évaluation d'organe cible et aucune donnée de génotoxicité ne sont publiées.
Detection and analysis
Aucune méthode de dépistage de routine ne cible cette molécule : elle n'apparaît ni dans les panels urinaires ou salivaires courants, ni dans les immunodosages cannabinoïdes, dont elle ne partage pas la structure. Aucun cas de médecine légale, aucune saisie douanière et aucun signalement de laboratoire ne lui sont associés dans la littérature. Son dosage relève des seules méthodes chromatographiques mises au point au cas par cas dans les laboratoires de recherche.
References
- 1.Price MR et coll., Allosteric modulation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, Mol Pharmacol 2005PMID 16113085
- 2.Ahn KH, Mahmoud MM, Kendall DA, Allosteric Modulator ORG27569 Induces CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor High Affinity Agonist Binding State, Receptor Internalization, and Gi Protein-independent ERK1/2 Kinase Activation, J Biol Chem 2012PMID 22343625
- 3.Baillie GL et coll., CB1 receptor allosteric modulators display both agonist and signaling pathway specificity, Mol Pharmacol 2013PMID 23160940
- 4.Mahmoud MM et coll., Structure-activity relationship study of indole-2-carboxamides identifies a potent allosteric modulator for the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), J Med Chem 2013PMID 24053617
- 5.Gamage TF et coll., In-vivo pharmacological evaluation of the CB1-receptor allosteric modulator Org-27569, Behav Pharmacol 2014PMID 24603340
- 6.Jing L, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Li JX, Effects of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor allosteric modulator ORG 27569 on reinstatement of cocaine- and methamphetamine-seeking behavior in rats, Drug Alcohol Depend 2014PMID 25169627
- 7.Gamage TF, Anderson JC, Abood ME, CB1 allosteric modulator Org27569 is an antagonist/inverse agonist of ERK1/2 signaling, Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2016PMID 28660254
- 8.Shao Z et coll., Structure of an allosteric modulator bound to the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, Nat Chem Biol 2019 (structure PDB 6KQI)PMID 31659318
- 9.Green HM et coll., Insight into the mechanism of action of ORG27569 at the cannabinoid type one receptor utilising a unified mathematical model, Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024PMID 38227196
- 10.Scicluna RL et coll., Effects of CB1 receptor negative allosteric modulator Org27569 on oxycodone withdrawal symptoms in mice, Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024PMID 38676755
- 11.PubChem, composé CID 44828492 (Org 27569)
Structured data
- InChIKey
- AHFZDNYNXFMRFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- CCC1=C(NC2=C1C=C(C=C2)Cl)C(=O)NCCC3=CC=C(C=C3)N4CCCCC4
- Formula
- C24H28ClN3O
- Molar mass
- 410.00 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 868273-06-7
- PubChem CID
- 44828492
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.