ECS modulator (research)
UnscheduledPF-3845
N-pyridin-3-yl-4-[[3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenyl]methyl]piperidine-1-carboxamide
Aliases.PF 3845
Selective covalent inhibitor of FAAH, a research probe with no human data at all.
Updated on
Level of detail
Harm-reduction warning
No characterised human dose: animal / in vitro data only. Effect profile, safety margin and acute toxicity are not documented in human clinical practice. Extremely potent compound: severe effects, seizures and deaths reported in the literature.
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₂₄H₂₃F₃N₄O₂
- Molar mass
- 456.50 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 1196109-52-0
- PubChem CID
- 25154867
- First described
- Décrit en 2009 par Kay Ahn, Douglas S. Johnson et leurs collègues de Pfizer, avec l'équipe de Benjamin F. Cravatt au Scripps Research Institute, dans la revue Chemistry & Biology. Le composé a servi de tête de série au PF-04457845, seul membre de la série porté ensuite en essais cliniques.
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule, issuing from a Pfizer medicinal chemistry programme. It exists neither in cannabis nor in any other plant, and is not produced by the organism. It circulates solely as a research reagent intended for laboratories.
- InChIKey
- NBOJHRYUGLRASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
In plain terms
PF-3845 is a laboratory molecule obtained by chemical synthesis: it does not come from hemp and has never been marketed. It blocks an enzyme of the organism, FAAH, which normally destroys anandamide, a natural messenger close to the cannabinoids. Researchers use it as a tool to study this system, not as a product meant to be consumed.
Receptors and activity
- FAAH (hydrolase des amides d'acides gras)Ki 0,23 ± 0,03 µM ; kinact 0,0033 ± 0,0002 s-1 ; kinact/Ki 14 310 M-1 s-1 (Ahn et al., Chem Biol 2009)Antagonist
- FAAH-2CI50 > 10 µM (Ahn et al., Chem Biol 2009)Antagonist
- CB1 (activation indirecte, via l'anandamide accumulée)Modulator
- CB2 (activation indirecte, via l'anandamide accumulée)Modulator
- CYP2D6 et CYP3A4 (effet hors cible)Antagonist
- Agonist
- Partial agonist
- Antagonist
- Modulator
- Inverse agonist
Hover over a row for the precise value (Ki, EC50…)
Subjective signature
Hover over an axis to read its definition.
- Calm12
- Clarity5
- Sleep8
- Appetite5
- High6
Editorial estimate, not clinical.
Pharmacology
PF-3845 is a covalent and irreversible inhibitor of FAAH, the enzyme that hydrolyses anandamide and the other fatty acid amides. It carbamylates the catalytic serine S241 of the active site, which durably inactivates the enzyme until it is resynthesised. The molecule does not itself bind to CB1 or CB2: its effect proceeds entirely through the accumulation of endogenous anandamide. Activity-based proteomic profiling has shown, in rodents, a selective inhibition of brain FAAH, without affecting the hepatic carboxylesterases targeted by older inhibitors such as URB597, and without notable activity at FAAH-2. Brain anandamide levels remain elevated for up to twenty-four hours after a single dose, and the antinociceptive effects observed in inflammatory models vanish in animals lacking CB1 or CB2 receptors. The compound's main shortcoming lies elsewhere: it also inhibits the cytochromes CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, a weakness corrected in its clinical successor PF-04457845. No human data exist for PF-3845 itself, and the clinical trial of PF-04457845 in knee osteoarthritis did not separate the product from placebo despite near-complete inhibition of FAAH: the analgesic benefit seen in rodents was not confirmed in human beings.
Key sources.
- Ahn K, Johnson DS, Mileni M, et al. Discovery and characterization of a highly selective FAAH inhibitor that reduces inflammatory pain. Chemistry & Biology, 2009.PMID 19389627
- Booker L, et al. The FAAH inhibitor PF-3845 acts in the nervous system to reverse LPS-induced tactile allodynia in mice. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2012.
- Huggins JP, Smart TS, Langman S, Taylor L, Young T. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of the FAAH-1 inhibitor PF-04457845 in osteoarthritis of the knee. Pain, 2012.PMID 22727500
- van Esbroeck ACM, et al. Activity-based protein profiling reveals off-target proteins of the FAAH inhibitor BIA 10-2474. Science, 2017.PMID 28596366
- PubChem, notice du composé CID 25154867 (PF-3845), NCBI.
- Wikipedia, notice PF-3845 (statut expérimental, absence d'usage clinique approuvé).
Origin (research tool)
No known biological pathway: PF-3845 is a synthetic product of the piperidine urea class, formed in the laboratory and not by a living being. There is therefore no plant precursor and no natural acidic form.
Legal framework
France
PF-3845 is named in no French decree and appears on no ANSM list. Nor does it fall under the generic clause of annex IV of the decree of 22 February 1990, which covers tetrahydrocannabinols, their esters, ethers, salts as well as the salts of the aforementioned derivatives: the molecule is not a tetrahydrocannabinol and does not fall into that category. Its status is therefore that of an unclassified substance, which does not amount to authorisation: it holds no marketing authorisation as a medicine, is not an authorised food ingredient and cannot lawfully be offered for human consumption.
European Union
No listing under the international conventions of 1961 and 1971, and no European classification procedure under the new psychoactive substances monitored by the EUDA. The product has never obtained an EMA authorisation and is referenced as a medicine or supplement in no member state. It remains a laboratory reagent; placing it on the market for the public would fall, depending on the state, under medicines law or under the national framework on new psychoactive substances.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
Structural classification
- Class
- ECS modulator (research)
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule, issuing from a Pfizer medicinal chemistry programme. It exists neither in cannabis nor in any other plant, and is not produced by the organism. It circulates solely as a research reagent intended for laboratories.
- Status
- Unscheduled
Urée de N-aryl pipéridine, appartenant à la famille des inhibiteurs covalents de sérine hydrolase. Le squelette associe un motif carboxamide porté par une pyridin-3-ylamine, une pipéridine centrale et un éther de biaryle terminé par une pyridine trifluorométhylée. Aucune parenté structurale avec les cannabinoïdes végétaux.
Pharmacokinetics
Le composé est actif par voie orale chez le rongeur, avec une biodisponibilité élevée et un passage de la barrière hémato-encéphalique suffisant pour inactiver la FAAH cérébrale. L'inhibition étant covalente, la durée d'action ne suit pas la demi-vie plasmatique mais le rythme de renouvellement de l'enzyme : les taux cérébraux d'anandamide restent élevés jusqu'à vingt-quatre heures après une administration unique. Aucune donnée de pharmacocinétique humaine n'est publiée pour cette molécule.
Metabolism
Le devenir métabolique du PF-3845 chez l'être humain n'a pas été décrit. Ce qui est documenté relève plutôt de l'inverse : la molécule inhibe les cytochromes CYP2D6 et CYP3A4, deux enzymes majeures du métabolisme des médicaments, ce qui expose à des interactions et a motivé le remplacement du cycle aminopyridine lors du passage au PF-04457845. La réaction avec la FAAH laisse par ailleurs un adduit carbamoyle sur la sérine catalytique, l'enzyme ne redevenant fonctionnelle qu'après resynthèse.
Toxicology and risks
Aucune étude de toxicité humaine n'existe pour le PF-3845, qui n'a jamais été administré à l'être humain. Chez le rongeur, le profil est décrit comme propre sur les sérine hydrolases, sans l'inhibition des carboxylestérases hépatiques observée avec des inhibiteurs plus anciens. La classe reste toutefois sous surveillance : en 2016, l'essai de phase I de l'inhibiteur BIA 10-2474 conduit à Rennes a provoqué un décès et des lésions neurologiques graves, accident rattaché à une inhibition non sélective de plusieurs lipases cérébrales et non à l'inhibition de la FAAH elle-même. Pour le PF-3845, le signal de risque le mieux établi reste l'inhibition des cytochromes CYP2D6 et CYP3A4, avec le potentiel d'interactions médicamenteuses que cela implique. En pratique, il s'agit d'un réactif de laboratoire, sans place dans un usage humain.
Detection and analysis
Aucune méthode forensique dédiée n'est standardisée. La molécule n'est pas recherchée dans les criblages toxicologiques de routine ni dans les panels antidopage, et son identification imposerait une chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse haute résolution avec un étalon de référence. En recherche, l'inhibition de la FAAH se mesure indirectement, par profilage protéomique fondé sur l'activité ou par dosage de l'anandamide tissulaire.
References
- 1.Ahn K, Johnson DS, Mileni M, et al. Discovery and characterization of a highly selective FAAH inhibitor that reduces inflammatory pain. Chemistry & Biology, 2009.PMID 19389627
- 2.Booker L, et al. The FAAH inhibitor PF-3845 acts in the nervous system to reverse LPS-induced tactile allodynia in mice. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2012.
- 3.Huggins JP, Smart TS, Langman S, Taylor L, Young T. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of the FAAH-1 inhibitor PF-04457845 in osteoarthritis of the knee. Pain, 2012.PMID 22727500
- 4.van Esbroeck ACM, et al. Activity-based protein profiling reveals off-target proteins of the FAAH inhibitor BIA 10-2474. Science, 2017.PMID 28596366
- 5.PubChem, notice du composé CID 25154867 (PF-3845), NCBI.
- 6.Wikipedia, notice PF-3845 (statut expérimental, absence d'usage clinique approuvé).
Structured data
- InChIKey
- NBOJHRYUGLRASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- C1CN(CCC1CC2=CC(=CC=C2)OC3=NC=C(C=C3)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)NC4=CN=CC=C4
- Formula
- C24H23F3N4O2
- Molar mass
- 456.50 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 1196109-52-0
- PubChem CID
- 25154867
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.