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Synthetic

5F-CUMYL-PINACA

A fluorinated indazole carboxamide with a cumyl head, found in electronic cigarette liquids, classified as a narcotic in France.

Narcotic: named in schedule
Level of detail

Harm-reduction warning

No characterised human dose: animal / in vitro data only. Effect profile, safety margin and acute toxicity are not documented in human clinical practice. Extremely potent compound: severe effects, seizures and deaths reported in the literature.

C₂₂H₂₆FN₃O

CAS 1400742-16-6

Family
Synthetic CB receptor agonistNew psychoactive substance
Molar mass
367.50 g/mol

Updated on

In plain terms

5F-CUMYL-PINACA is a synthetic cannabinoid made in a laboratory. It does not exist in hemp and has nothing to do with cannabidiol. German researchers found it in e-liquids for electronic cigarettes bought online. It is very potent at the CB1 receptor in laboratory assays, and classified as a narcotic in France.

Receptors and activity

Target network

CB1AgonistEC50 = 0.4 nM · not specified in the abstractfluorescent membrane potential assay; Ki = 2.95 nM by competitive binding to the tritiated radioligand; EC50 = 2.2 nM in another assay (AequoScreen, CHO-K1, human CB1; Bäckberg 2023)
  • Activates

The lower the cited value, the closer the target sits to 5F-CUMYL-PINACA: one ring per factor of 100. A target with no measured value stays on the edge.

Where these targets live

Where each target has been found in humans, according to the cited studies. The map shows the target, not an effect of 5F-CUMYL-PINACA.

Brain, side view
Body, front view
Blood

CB1CB1 found in 7 regions of the body

  1. Basal gangliadenseMost dense in basal ganglia outflow nuclei1
  2. CerebellumdenseVery dense in the cerebellum1
  3. HippocampusdenseVery high concentrations in the hippocampus2
  4. AmygdaladenseHigh concentrations in the amygdala2
  5. CortexpresentPresent throughout the neocortex2
  6. Adipose tissuepresentExpressed in adipose tissue3
  7. GutpresentColonic epithelium, smooth muscle and plexus4

Map sources

  1. Herkenham M et al. Cannabinoid receptor localization in brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1990 (new tab)
  2. Glass M et al. Cannabinoid receptors in the human brain: a detailed anatomical and quantitative autoradiographic study in the fetal, neonatal and adult human brain. Neuroscience, 1997 (new tab)
  3. Engeli S et al. Activation of the peripheral endocannabinoid system in human obesity. Diabetes, 2005 (new tab)
  4. Wright K et al. Differential expression of cannabinoid receptors in the human colon: cannabinoids promote epithelial wound healing. Gastroenterology, 2005 (new tab)

Cited values

  1. CB1AgonistEC50 = 0.4 nM · not specified in the abstract89 out of 100

    Banister et al. 2019, Drug Test Anal (new tab) · fluorescent membrane potential assay; Ki = 2.95 nM by competitive binding to the tritiated radioligand; EC50 = 2.2 nM in another assay (AequoScreen, CHO-K1, human CB1; Bäckberg 2023)

  2. CB2Agonistno measured value cited

    Activity at CB2 assessed by Banister et al. (2019); value not found in the abstract

Bar length follows the measured value (Ki, Kd, EC50 or IC50), on one scale shared by every entry, from 100 µM to 0.1 nM. A target with no cited value has no bar.

Pharmacology

5F-CUMYL-PINACA brought synthetic cannabinoids into an unexpected vector. Angerer et al. (2019) analysed twenty-one e-liquids for electronic cigarettes bought online between May 2014 and June 2015: ten contained one or two synthetic cannabinoids and three contained an unknown substance, identified by nuclear magnetic resonance as this molecule (sold under the code SGT-25). The molecule is the fluorinated analogue of CUMYL-PINACA. Banister et al. (2019) measure at CB1 a Ki of 2.95 nM and an EC50 of 0.43 nM, the lowest values of the three analogues compared; Bäckberg et al. (2023) find, in another assay, an EC50 of 2.2 nM. The terminal fluorine has an analytical consequence: in the authentic urine of a user, the hydrolytic defluorination pathway gives a very abundant metabolite, also produced by CUMYL-PINACA, so that this metabolite alone does not distinguish the two exposures; Angerer et al. propose three metabolites (B03, B04, B05) as markers. No controlled clinical study was found.

Key sources.

History

Source
A wholly synthetic molecule, absent from hemp and from every living organism. It was sold in New Zealand under the code SGT-25, among the « SGT » synthetic cannabinoids marketed between July 2013 and May 2014 (Angerer et al. 2019). Its documented vector is a particular one: e-liquids for electronic cigarettes bought online, three of twenty-one of which, bought between May 2014 and June 2015, contained this substance, identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (Angerer et al. 2019); it was also found in a plant product sold as an air freshener in the province of Trieste (Peruch et al. 2023). None of this has anything to do with hemp or with cannabidiol products.

Origin

Laboratory synthesis

No known biosynthetic pathway: the molecule is produced by no plant and no living organism. It is entirely synthetic in origin and belongs to the chemical family of the cumyl-headed indazole-3-carboxamides.

Classification

Family, origin and source verification

Family

Synthetic CB receptor agonist › New psychoactive substance

Class

indazole-3-carboxamide

Verification

Classification, sources and binding values checked on 20 October 2026; text read against its sources and Wikipedia.

Wikipedia (English)

5F-CUMYL-PINACA (new tab)

Article paired by the molecule's structure (InChIKey), revision read on 19 October 2026. Read as a second opinion, never cited as a source.

References

  1. Banister SD, Adams A, Kevin RC, Macdonald C, Glass M, Boyd R, Connor M, McGregor IS. Synthesis and pharmacology of new psychoactive substance 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA, a scaffold-hopping analog of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists 5F-CUMYL-PICA and 5F-CUMYL-PINACA. Drug Test Anal. 2019;11(2):279-291 (new tab)PMID 30151911
  2. Angerer V, Franz F, Moosmann B, Bisel P, Auwärter V. 5F-Cumyl-PINACA in 'e-liquids' for electronic cigarettes: comprehensive characterization of a new type of synthetic cannabinoid in a trendy product including investigations on the in vitro and in vivo phase I metabolism of 5F-Cumyl-PINACA and its non-fluorinated analog Cumyl-PINACA. Forensic Toxicol. 2019;37(1):186-196 (new tab)PMID 30636986
  3. Bäckberg M, Vikingsson S, Strandberg J, Wall S, Åstrand A, Karlsson H. Using in vitro receptor activity studies of synthetic cannabinoids to support the risk assessment of new psychoactive substances. Forensic Sci Int. 2023;348:111691 (new tab)PMID 37116244
  4. Peruch M, Addobbati R, Padovano M, Scopetti M, Concato M, Radaelli D. Identification of 5F-Cumyl-PINACA, a Synthetic Cannabinoid, in the Herbal Material Used for Recreational Purposes in the Province of Trieste: Public Health Implications. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2023;24(6):758-765 (new tab)PMID 36111755
  5. Drug Enforcement Administration. Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of 5F-EDMB-PINACA, 5F-MDMB-PICA, FUB-AKB48, 5F-CUMYL-PINACA, and FUB-144 in Schedule I. Federal Register, 7 April 2022, 87 FR 20318 (document 2022-07320) (new tab)
  6. Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA, consolidated version of 12.01.2026 (annex: substances subject to Union control) (new tab)

Identifiers

Names

IUPAC name
1-(5-fluoropentyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)indazole-3-carboxamide
Other names
SGT-25 · C-Liquid

Identifiers

Formula
C₂₂H₂₆FN₃O
CAS
1400742-16-6
PubChem CID
86274158(new tab)
InChIKey
XSHGVIPHMOTDCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
CC(C)(NC(=O)c1nn(CCCCCF)c2ccccc12)c1ccccc1

Machine-readable entry (JSON)

LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.