ECS modulator (research)
UnscheduledAM-3102
(Z)-N-[(2R)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]octadec-9-enamide
Aliases.KDS-5104 · AM3102 · Methyl oleoylethanolamide · (Z)-(R)-N-((2-Hydroxy-1-methyl)ethyl)-9-octadecenamide · 9-Octadecenamide, N-((1R)-2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-, (9Z)-
Synthetic analogue of oleoylethanolamide, a PPAR-alpha agonist resistant to amidases.
Updated on
Level of detail
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₂₁H₄₁NO₂
- Molar mass
- 339.60 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- -
- PubChem CID
- 10569111
- First described
- Décrite en 1998 par l'équipe d'Alexandros Makriyannis à l'université du Connecticut, au sein d'une série d'analogues de l'anandamide explorant la tête éthanolamide, d'où le code AM. La molécule a été recaractérisée en 2006 sous le code KDS-5104 par Giuseppe Astarita, Daniele Piomelli et leurs collègues, comme mime de l'oléoyléthanolamide résistant à l'hydrolyse.
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic compound. It is present neither in cannabis nor in human beings; only its natural congener, oleoylethanolamide, is produced by the intestine and by other mammalian tissues. AM-3102 exists only as a research reagent.
- InChIKey
- IPVYNYWIRWMRHH-JPMGXVIASA-N
In plain terms
AM-3102 is a laboratory molecule, a stabilised copy of a lipid that the body manufactures itself, oleoylethanolamide. It exists neither in hemp nor in the human body and is not sold as a consumer product. In rodents it reduces food intake; in human beings, nothing has been studied.
Receptors and activity
- PPAR-alphaCE50 = 100 ± 21 nM (activité transcriptionnelle, Astarita et al. 2006)Agonist
- CB1Ki = 33 µM en liaison sur membranes de cerveau antérieur de rat, affinité négligeableAgonist
- CB2Ki = 26 µM en liaison sur membranes de rate de souris, affinité négligeableAgonist
- Agonist
- Partial agonist
- Antagonist
- Modulator
- Inverse agonist
Hover over a row for the precise value (Ki, EC50…)
Subjective signature
Hover over an axis to read its definition.
- Calm5
- Clarity5
- Sleep5
- Appetite5
- High5
Editorial estimate, not clinical.
Pharmacology
AM-3102, also published under the code KDS-5104, is an alpha-methylated analogue of oleoylethanolamide (OEA). The methyl carried by the ethanolamide head protects the amide bond from hydrolysis by FAAH and by NAAA, the two amidases that inactivate OEA, which prolongs tissue exposure. Its principal target is the nuclear receptor PPAR-alpha, which it activates with nanomolar potency in vitro. In the rat, parenteral or oral administration lengthens the latency before a meal and the post-prandial interval; in mice on a high-fat diet, prolonged oral treatment reduces fat deposits, with lipid transport and CD36 expression appearing as the main levers. More recent work describes it as an activator of PPAR-alpha then TFEB signalling in microglia, with a reduction in amyloid load in a murine model. Its affinity for CB1 and CB2 is micromolar, hence negligible: it is not a cannabimimetic and it does not produce THC-like effects. Human data are entirely lacking and no therapeutic indication is established.
Key sources.
- Astarita G, Di Giacomo B, Gaetani S, et al. Pharmacological characterization of hydrolysis-resistant analogs of oleoylethanolamide with potent anorexiant properties. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006;318(2):563-570.PMID 16702440
- Thabuis C, Destaillats F, Lambert DM, et al. Lipid transport function is the main target of oral oleoylethanolamide to reduce adiposity in high-fat-fed mice. J Lipid Res. 2011;52(7):1373-1382.PMID 21515921
- Comerota MM, Gedam M, Xiong W, et al. Oleoylethanolamide facilitates PPARα and TFEB signaling and attenuates Aβ pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener. 2023;18(1):56.PMID 37580742
- Lin S, Khanolkar AD, Fan P, et al. Novel analogues of arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide): affinities for the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and metabolic stability. J Med Chem. 1998;41(27):5353-5361.PMID 9876105
- ChEMBL, fiche du composé CHEMBL151084 (valeurs de liaison CB1 et CB2)
- PubChem, composé CID 10569111 (AM-3102)
Origin (research tool)
No known biological pathway: the molecule is obtained by synthesis, through amide coupling between oleic acid and (R)-2-aminopropan-1-ol. It comes from no plant or animal enzyme.
Legal framework
France
A substance not classified in France. It appears in no annex of the decree of 22 February 1990, and the generic clause of annex IV covering tetrahydrocannabinols, their esters, ethers and salts does not apply to it: it is not a THC derivative but a fatty-acid amide. It is neither an authorised medicine nor an ingredient permitted in food supplements; its actual status is that of a reagent reserved for research.
European Union
No known European control measure. The molecule has been the subject neither of an EUDA (formerly EMCDDA) risk assessment nor of a listing under the European framework on new psychoactive substances, and it does not appear in the schedules of the international conventions of 1961 and 1971. It holds no novel food authorisation.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
Structural classification
- Class
- ECS modulator (research)
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic compound. It is present neither in cannabis nor in human beings; only its natural congener, oleoylethanolamide, is produced by the intestine and by other mammalian tissues. AM-3102 exists only as a research reagent.
- Status
- Unscheduled
N-acyléthanolamine synthétique : amide de l'acide oléique (C18:1 cis-9) et du (R)-2-aminopropan-1-ol, soit l'analogue alpha-méthylé de l'oléoyléthanolamide.
Pharmacokinetics
Chez le rat, l'administration parentérale produit une exposition tissulaire plus élevée et plus durable que celle de l'oléoyléthanolamide, ce qui explique la persistance de l'effet sur la prise alimentaire. La voie orale donne elle aussi une exposition tissulaire mesurable et une baisse de la consommation alimentaire chez l'animal en accès libre. Aucun paramètre pharmacocinétique humain n'est publié.
Metabolism
Le méthyle situé en alpha de la tête éthanolamide protège la fonction amide : la molécule résiste à l'hydrolyse par la fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) et par la N-acyléthanolamine-hydrolysing acid amidase (NAAA), les deux enzymes qui inactivent l'oléoyléthanolamide. Un travail chez la souris a confirmé cette résistance à la FAAH, tout en observant que l'oléoyléthanolamide, lui, est dégradé dans le foie par un système d'hydrolyse resté non identifié. Les voies d'élimination ne sont pas caractérisées.
Toxicology and risks
Aucune évaluation toxicologique formelle n'est publiée et il n'existe ni donnée humaine ni exposition documentée en population. Les études animales rapportent une administration répétée sur plusieurs semaines chez le rongeur sans effet indésirable décrit, ce qui ne vaut pas démonstration d'innocuité. Faute de dossier de sécurité, cette molécule relève du laboratoire et non de la consommation.
Detection and analysis
Aucune méthode de dépistage de routine ni de protocole médico-légal n'est documenté pour cette molécule, qui n'est pas recherchée dans les criblages toxicologiques usuels ; sa mesure reste limitée aux dosages tissulaires réalisés dans les études pharmacologiques.
References
- 1.Astarita G, Di Giacomo B, Gaetani S, et al. Pharmacological characterization of hydrolysis-resistant analogs of oleoylethanolamide with potent anorexiant properties. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006;318(2):563-570.PMID 16702440
- 2.Thabuis C, Destaillats F, Lambert DM, et al. Lipid transport function is the main target of oral oleoylethanolamide to reduce adiposity in high-fat-fed mice. J Lipid Res. 2011;52(7):1373-1382.PMID 21515921
- 3.Comerota MM, Gedam M, Xiong W, et al. Oleoylethanolamide facilitates PPARα and TFEB signaling and attenuates Aβ pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener. 2023;18(1):56.PMID 37580742
- 4.Lin S, Khanolkar AD, Fan P, et al. Novel analogues of arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide): affinities for the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and metabolic stability. J Med Chem. 1998;41(27):5353-5361.PMID 9876105
- 5.ChEMBL, fiche du composé CHEMBL151084 (valeurs de liaison CB1 et CB2)
- 6.PubChem, composé CID 10569111 (AM-3102)
Structured data
- InChIKey
- IPVYNYWIRWMRHH-JPMGXVIASA-N
- SMILES
- CCCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](C)CO
- Formula
- C21H41NO2
- Molar mass
- 339.60 g·mol⁻¹
- PubChem CID
- 10569111
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.