ECS modulator (research)
UnscheduledAS-1269574
2-[[2-(4-bromophenyl)-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl]amino]ethanol
Aliases.AS1269574 · AS 1269574
Laboratory tool, partial agonist of GPR119, with no known activity at CB1 or CB2.
Updated on
Level of detail
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₁₃H₁₄BrN₃O
- Molar mass
- 308.17 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- -
- PubChem CID
- 5332859
- First described
- Décrit en 2010 par S. Yoshida et ses collègues dans Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, à l'issue d'un criblage d'agonistes du récepteur GPR119. La série chimique dont il provient, les 4-amino-2-phénylpyrimidines, a été détaillée en 2012 dans Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry.
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule. It is present neither in hemp nor in any living organism, and has never been a consumer product: its only documented use is as a laboratory pharmacological tool, serving to probe the GPR119 receptor.
- InChIKey
- DUKPGOOUJNUIOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
In plain terms
AS-1269574 is a laboratory molecule, developed in 2010 for diabetes research. It does not exist in hemp and has nothing in common with CBD: it acts on GPR119, a receptor neighbouring the endocannabinoid system that normally responds to fatty substances made by the intestine. In mice, it increases insulin secretion when blood sugar is high, and no trial has been conducted in humans.
Receptors and activity
- GPR119CE50 2,5 µM (GPR119 humain exprimé en cellules HEK293, rapporteur CRE-luciférase) ; pCE50 5,6 dans la base IUPHARPartial agonist
- TRPA1Agonist
- Agonist
- Partial agonist
- Antagonist
- Modulator
- Inverse agonist
Hover over a row for the precise value (Ki, EC50…)
Subjective signature
Hover over an axis to read its definition.
- Calm2
- Clarity2
- Sleep2
- Appetite5
- High2
Editorial estimate, not clinical.
Pharmacology
AS-1269574 is a synthetic agonist of GPR119, a Gs-coupled receptor activated by fatty acid amides and esters such as oleoylethanolamide and 2-oleoylglycerol, which attaches it to the periphery of the endocannabinoid system without making it a cannabinoid. At human GPR119 expressed in HEK293 cells, the measured potency is modest, with an EC50 of 2.5 µM, and a cryo-electron microscopy study published in 2026 describes it as a partial agonist: it occupies a restricted pocket of the activation cavity and stabilises a closed extracellular allosteric gate, which curbs the conformational change of the receptor and maintains low-efficacy signalling. The documented functional effects are an elevation of cyclic AMP, glucose-dependent insulin secretion in a pancreatic beta cell line, stimulation of proglucagon gene expression and GLP-1 release in entero-endocrine cells. A second mechanism complicates the reading: in 2016, the GLP-1 release obtained in the STC-1 line was attributed to direct activation of the TRPA1 channel, independently of cyclic AMP, an effect absent from the other GPR119 agonists compared. No activity at CB1 or CB2 has been measured, and anandamide itself does not activate GPR119. All the data remain preclinical and human data are lacking.
Key sources.
- Yoshida S, Ohishi T, Matsui T, Shibasaki M. Identification of a novel GPR119 agonist, AS1269574, with in vitro and in vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010;400(3):437-441PMID 20804735
- Chepurny OG et al. GPR119 agonist AS1269574 activates TRPA1 cation channels to stimulate GLP-1 secretion. Mol Endocrinol. 2016PMID 27082897
- Chepurny OG et al. Stimulation of proglucagon gene expression by human GPR119 in enteroendocrine L-cell line GLUTag. Mol Endocrinol. 2013PMID 23798572
- McKillop AM et al. Metabolic effects of orally administered small-molecule agonists of GPR55 and GPR119. Diabetologia. 2016PMID 27677765
- Zuniga-Romero A et al. GPR55 and GPR119 receptors contribute to the processing of neuropathic pain in rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15(1):67PMID 35056124
- Zhang Y et al. An extracellular allosteric gate modulates the ligand efficacy of GPR119. Structure. 2026PMID 42269610
- Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 4-amino-2-phenylpyrimidine derivatives as a series of novel GPR119 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem. 2012;20:2369PMID 22365911
- IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology, ligand 4027 (AS1269574) : interaction avec GPR119
- IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology, GPR119 (cible 126) : ligands endogenes et couplage Gs
- ChEMBL, molecule CHEMBL1956589 : activites enregistrees (CE50 GPR119, CI50 CYP1A2)
- PubChem, CID 5332859 (AS1269574) : identifiants et synonymes
Origin (research tool)
No biological pathway: there is no biosynthesis for this molecule. It comes from synthetic chemistry, by amination of a halogenated 2-arylpyrimidine with ethanolamine, and belongs to the series of 4-amino-2-phenylpyrimidine GPR119 agonists.
Legal framework
France
AS-1269574 is not named in annex IV of the decree of 22 February 1990 and does not fall under the generic clause covering the tetrahydrocannabinols, their esters, their ethers and their salts: it is not a THC derivative, but a pyrimidine with no structural link to the cannabinoids. It is therefore not classified as a narcotic in France. That status amounts to no authorisation: the molecule has no marketing authorisation as a medicinal product, no authorised use in human food or in cosmetics, and remains a reagent reserved for research.
European Union
No European classification covers this molecule: it appears on no Union list of controlled substances and there is no indication that it has been the subject of a risk assessment by the EUDA, formerly the EMCDDA, under the new psychoactive substances regime. Nor does it appear in the schedules of the United Nations conventions on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. It is not authorised as a novel food and its practical status is that of a research compound.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
Structural classification
- Class
- ECS modulator (research)
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule. It is present neither in hemp nor in any living organism, and has never been a consumer product: its only documented use is as a laboratory pharmacological tool, serving to probe the GPR119 receptor.
- Status
- Unscheduled
4-aminopyrimidine substituée : noyau pyrimidine portant un groupe 4-bromophényle en position 2, un méthyle en position 6 et une chaîne aminoéthanol en position 4. Aucun squelette terpénophénolique de type cannabinoïde, aucune chaîne d'acide gras.
Pharmacokinetics
Aucun paramètre pharmacocinétique n'a été publié pour cette molécule. Son activité par voie orale chez la souris est documentée : une administration unique réduit l'excursion glycémique après charge orale en glucose sans modifier la glycémie à jeun (2010), et un traitement oral quotidien de 28 jours reste actif chez la souris diabétique (2016). Les données humaines manquent entièrement.
Metabolism
Aucune étude de métabolisme ni d'élimination n'a été publiée. Le seul élément disponible provient de la série chimique : une inhibition du cytochrome P450 1A2 (CI50 voisine de 0,66 µM) est enregistrée pour ce composé dans ChEMBL, d'après l'article de relation structure-activité de 2012. Cela signale un risque d'interaction métabolique, non un profil d'élimination.
Toxicology and risks
Le profil toxicologique n'est pas caractérisé et les données humaines manquent. Les travaux animaux publiés n'ont pas rapporté d'effet indésirable notable, mais ils portaient sur l'effet glycémique et non sur la toxicité, avec des effectifs réduits et sans examen histologique systématique. Deux éléments justifient la prudence : l'inhibition du CYP1A2 mesurée in vitro, et l'activation directe du canal TRPA1, canal sensoriel de l'irritation et de la douleur, décrite en 2016 et absente des autres agonistes de GPR119 testés dans la même étude.
Detection and analysis
Aucune méthode analytique dédiée n'est décrite dans la littérature médico-légale et la molécule n'apparaît dans aucun signalement de toxicologie ou de surveillance du marché des substances psychoactives.
References
- 1.Yoshida S, Ohishi T, Matsui T, Shibasaki M. Identification of a novel GPR119 agonist, AS1269574, with in vitro and in vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010;400(3):437-441PMID 20804735
- 2.Chepurny OG et al. GPR119 agonist AS1269574 activates TRPA1 cation channels to stimulate GLP-1 secretion. Mol Endocrinol. 2016PMID 27082897
- 3.Chepurny OG et al. Stimulation of proglucagon gene expression by human GPR119 in enteroendocrine L-cell line GLUTag. Mol Endocrinol. 2013PMID 23798572
- 4.McKillop AM et al. Metabolic effects of orally administered small-molecule agonists of GPR55 and GPR119. Diabetologia. 2016PMID 27677765
- 5.Zuniga-Romero A et al. GPR55 and GPR119 receptors contribute to the processing of neuropathic pain in rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15(1):67PMID 35056124
- 6.Zhang Y et al. An extracellular allosteric gate modulates the ligand efficacy of GPR119. Structure. 2026PMID 42269610
- 7.Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of 4-amino-2-phenylpyrimidine derivatives as a series of novel GPR119 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem. 2012;20:2369PMID 22365911
- 8.IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology, ligand 4027 (AS1269574) : interaction avec GPR119
- 9.IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology, GPR119 (cible 126) : ligands endogenes et couplage Gs
- 10.ChEMBL, molecule CHEMBL1956589 : activites enregistrees (CE50 GPR119, CI50 CYP1A2)
- 11.PubChem, CID 5332859 (AS1269574) : identifiants et synonymes
Structured data
- InChIKey
- DUKPGOOUJNUIOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- CC1=CC(=NC(=N1)C2=CC=C(C=C2)Br)NCCO
- Formula
- C13H14BrN3O
- Molar mass
- 308.17 g·mol⁻¹
- PubChem CID
- 5332859
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.