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From the plant

CBVCannabivarin

The propyl-chain homologue of CBN, of unestablished origin; human pharmacology undocumented.

FranceNarcotic: generic clauseInternationalUnscheduled
Level of detail

C₁₉H₂₂O₂

CAS 33745-21-0

Family
PhytocannabinoidMinor
Origin
Degradation product (debated)
Molar mass
282.40 g/mol

Updated on

In plain terms

Cannabivarin is a cannabinoid present in very small amounts in cannabis and hashish. It is thought to form as THCV ages, the way CBN forms from THC, but this has not been demonstrated. Human data are lacking to say what it does in the body.

Receptors and activity

Target network

TRPA1Agonistno measured value
  • Activates
  • Blocks or inhibits

The lower the cited value, the closer the target sits to CBV: one ring per factor of 100. A target with no measured value stays on the edge.

Where these targets live

Where each target has been found in humans, according to the cited studies. The map shows the target, not an effect of CBV.

Brain, side view
Body, front view
Blood

TRPA1TRPA1 found in 4 regions of the body

  1. Sensory gangliapresentDorsal root ganglion neurons1
  2. Spinal cordpresentSpinal cord motor neurons1
  3. GutpresentIntestinal myenteric plexus neurons1
  4. SkinpresentBasal keratinocytes of the skin1

Map sources

  1. Anand U et al. TRPA1 receptor localisation in the human peripheral nervous system and functional studies in cultured human and rat sensory neurons. Neurosci Lett, 2008 (new tab)

Cited values

  1. TRPA1Agonistno measured value cited
  2. TRPV2Agonistno measured value cited
  3. TRPM8Antagonistno measured value cited
Bar length follows the measured value (Ki, Kd, EC50 or IC50), on one scale shared by every entry, from 100 µM to 0.1 nM. A target with no cited value has no bar.

Pharmacology

CBV is the propyl-chain homologue of cannabinol: the same fully aromatic benzo[c]chromene tricycle, but a three-carbon side chain instead of five. Described in 1971 in hashish (Merkus), it is presumed to arise from the oxidation of THCV, by analogy with CBN, though this origin has not been demonstrated. No affinity constant for the CB1 and CB2 receptors has been published. One study reports submicromolar activation of TRPA1, inhibition of TRPM8 and strong activation of TRPV2 (Pollastro et al. 2018), and another competitive binding to the P2X4 receptor (Puopolo et al. 2023). In France, its structure falls within the 2024 benzo[c]chromene generic class, whose exclusions do not name it: its status must be confirmed by a lawyer.

Key sources.

History

Source
Present in small amounts in cannabis and hashish (Merkus 1971). Origin not established: formation by oxidation and aromatisation of THCV, as CBN forms from THC, is presumed but has not been demonstrated by any primary source consulted. CBV has also been obtained in the laboratory by chemical aromatisation of propyl-chain homologues (Pollastro et al. 2018).

Biosynthetic pathway

No enzyme forms CBV in the sources consulted. Its presumed precursor, THCV, comes from the propyl-chain series: CBGVA is converted by THCA synthase into THCVA, which decarboxylates into THCV (Walsh et al. 2021). The step from THCV to CBV by oxidation is assumed by analogy with the THC-CBN pair, with no published demonstration.

Classification

Family, origin and source verification

Family

Phytocannabinoid › Minor

Presence in the plant

Artefact: formed by oxidation, light, heat or solvent

Sources disagree on this point.

Chemistry

Type CBN · C3 side chain · neutral form

Verification

Checked on 20 October 2026; some points still await human review.

Wikipedia (English)

Cannabivarin (new tab)

Article paired by the molecule's structure (InChIKey), revision read on 19 October 2026. Read as a second opinion, never cited as a source.

References

  1. Merkus F.W. 1971, Nature 232:579-580: cannabivarin and tetrahydrocannabivarin, two new constituents of hashish (new tab)PMID 4937510
  2. Bailey K., Gagné D. 1975, J Pharm Sci 64:1719-1720: distinguishing synthetic CBD, CBC and cannabivarin by GC with on-column methylation (new tab)PMID 1185546
  3. Pollastro F. et al. 2018, J Nat Prod 81:630-633: aromatisation of p-menthane-type phytocannabinoids; thermo-TRP profile of CBV (new tab)PMID 29240420
  4. Puopolo T. et al. 2023, Heliyon: cannabinoids as P2X4 receptor ligands (SPR and docking) (new tab)PMID 37920520
  5. Rosenthaler S. et al. 2014, Neurotoxicol Teratol 46:49-56: Ki of seven phytocannabinoids at human CB1/CB2 (CBV not included) (new tab)PMID 25311884
  6. Maćkiewicz E. et al. 2026, Forensic Sci Int 378:112706: ToF-SIMS on cannabis-contaminated fingerprints (new tab)PMID 41176961
  7. ANSM, consolidated list of substances classified as narcotics, updated 26/06/2026 (benzo[c]chromene class and its exclusions) (new tab)

Identifiers

Names

Common name
Cannabivarin
IUPAC name
6,6,9-trimethyl-3-propylbenzo[c]chromen-1-ol
Other names
CBV · Cannabivarol

Identifiers

Formula
C₁₉H₂₂O₂
CAS
33745-21-0
PubChem CID
622545(new tab)
InChIKey
SVTKBAIRFMXQQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
CCCC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(C3=C2C=C(C=C3)C)(C)C)O

Machine-readable entry (JSON)

LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.