Endocannabinoid
EndogenousDEA-NAEDocosatetraenoylethanolamide
(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraenamide
Aliases.N-docosatetraenoylethanolamine · DEA · NAE 22:4n-6 · docosatétraényléthanolamide · éthanolamide de l'acide adrénique
The ethanolamide of adrenic acid, a brain cousin of anandamide, a poorly documented CB1 and CB2 agonist.
Updated on
Level of detail
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₂₄H₄₁NO₂
- Molar mass
- 375.60 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 150314-35-5
- PubChem CID
- 5282273
- First described
- Isolé du cerveau de porc en 1993 par Lumír Hanuš, A. Gopher, S. Almog et Raphael Mechoulam, à l'université hébraïque de Jérusalem. Ces auteurs décrivent simultanément deux nouveaux éthanolamides d'acides gras cérébraux capables de se lier au récepteur cannabinoïde : le dihomo-gamma-linolénoyléthanolamide et le 7,10,13,16-docosatétraénoyléthanolamide. Le profil pharmacologique a été précisé en 1995 par Barg et ses collègues, puis replacé dans la famille des N-acyléthanolamines polyinsaturées par les travaux comparatifs de 2018 sur les séries n-6 et n-3.
- Origin
- An endogenous metabolite of mammals. The molecule is not a phytocannabinoid: it appears in no profile of Cannabis sativa and has not been found in hemp. It is produced by animal tissues, in particular the nervous system, where adrenic acid is an abundant fatty acid of membrane phospholipids; the ethanolamine plasmalogen of human myelin contains about twice as much of it as of arachidonic acid. The abbreviation DEA used in the lipid literature designates this compound alone and must be confused neither with the hormone DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) nor with the American anti-drug agency bearing the same acronym.
- InChIKey
- FMVHVRYFQIXOAF-DOFZRALJSA-N
In plain terms
Docosatetraenoylethanolamide is a small fatty molecule made by the body itself, a very close cousin of anandamide. It has been found in the brain, not in hemp, and it binds to the same receptors as the cannabinoids. The published work remains scarce and no human data make it possible to say precisely what it does in the body.
Receptors and activity
- CB1Ki 34,4 ± 3,2 nM (CB1) selon un jeu de données ; 253,4 ± 41,1 nM sur membranes cérébrales (Barg et al., 1995)Agonist
- CB2Agonist
- TRPV1Agonist
- Agonist
- Partial agonist
- Antagonist
- Modulator
- Inverse agonist
Hover over a row for the precise value (Ki, EC50…)
Subjective signature
Hover over an axis to read its definition.
- Calm12
- Clarity10
- Sleep12
- Appetite10
- High10
Editorial estimate, not clinical.
Pharmacology
Isolated from porcine brain in 1993, docosatetraenoylethanolamide is the ethanolamide of adrenic acid (22:4n-6), that is, an anandamide lengthened by two carbons. It behaves as an agonist of the CB1 and CB2 receptors and also activates the TRPV1 channel, which places it among the genuinely cannabimimetic N-acylethanolamines rather than among the merely modulatory lipids. On brain membranes, an inhibition constant of 253 nM and an inhibition of adenylate cyclase around 117 nM have been measured; other data report a CB1 affinity close to 34 nM, of the same order as that of anandamide, and this discrepancy between protocols has never been settled. In the mouse, administration reproduces the classical cannabinoid tetrad: a fall in motor activity in the open field, hypothermia, catalepsy and an antinociceptive effect. Beyond this founding work, the literature is thin. Physiological tissue concentrations are poorly documented, the molecule's own role remains difficult to separate from that of anandamide with which it is co-isolated, and human data are entirely lacking. No therapeutic effect is established.
Key sources.
- Hanuš L, Gopher A, Almog S, Mechoulam R. Two new unsaturated fatty acid ethanolamides in brain that bind to the cannabinoid receptor. J Med Chem. 1993;36(20):3032-4PMID 8411021
- Barg J, Fride E, Hanuš L, et al. Cannabinomimetic behavioral effects of and adenylate cyclase inhibition by two new endogenous anandamides. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995;287(2):145-52PMID 8749028
- Alharthi N, et al. n-3 polyunsaturated N-acylethanolamines are CB2 cannabinoid receptor-preferring endocannabinoids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2018PMID 30591150
- Sheskin T, Hanuš L, Slager J, Vogel Z, Mechoulam R. Structural requirements for binding of anandamide-type compounds to the brain cannabinoid receptor. J Med Chem. 1997;40(5):659-67PMID 9057852
- Endocannabinoid binding to the cannabinoid receptors: what is known and what remains unknown (revue, PMC4120766)
- The expanding field of cannabimimetic and related lipid mediators (revue, PMC1576036)
- PubChem CID 5282273, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z-docosatetraenamide
Biosynthetic pathway (in vivo)
Like the other N-acylethanolamines, the molecule comes from the so-called transacylation then phosphodiesterase pathway. An N-acyltransferase transfers an adrenic acid chain from a phosphatidylcholine onto the nitrogen of a phosphatidylethanolamine, which forms an N-acylphosphatidylethanolamide; the NAPE-specific phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) then hydrolyses this intermediate and releases the ethanolamide. NAPE-PLD-independent routes, involving in particular ABHD4 and the glycerophosphodiesterases, coexist. Adrenic acid itself derives from arachidonic acid by two rounds of chain elongation carried out by the elongases, which explains the close structural kinship with anandamide.
Legal framework
France
Endogenous status. Docosatetraenoylethanolamide is naturally present in the human body and appears on no French list of narcotics or psychotropic substances. It is not named in annex IV of the decree of 22 February 1990, and the generic clause of that annex, which covers tetrahydrocannabinols as well as their esters, ethers, salts and the salts of those derivatives, does not capture it: the molecule derives from no tetrahydrocannabinol, it belongs to the family of fatty acid amides. Its possession and its use as an analytical standard or research reagent therefore do not fall under narcotics regulation. No marketing authorisation, no food status and no health claim are associated with it in France.
European Union
No Member State classifies this endogenous molecule. It has never been notified to the EUDA early warning system (formerly the EMCDDA), nor assessed by the UNODC, the INCB or the WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, and it falls under none of the international conventions of 1961 or 1971. Its circulation is limited to the status of analytical standard and laboratory reagent, governed by general chemicals regulation and not by narcotics law.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
Structural classification
- Class
- Endocannabinoid
- Origin
- An endogenous metabolite of mammals. The molecule is not a phytocannabinoid: it appears in no profile of Cannabis sativa and has not been found in hemp. It is produced by animal tissues, in particular the nervous system, where adrenic acid is an abundant fatty acid of membrane phospholipids; the ethanolamine plasmalogen of human myelin contains about twice as much of it as of arachidonic acid. The abbreviation DEA used in the lipid literature designates this compound alone and must be confused neither with the hormone DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) nor with the American anti-drug agency bearing the same acronym.
- Status
- Endogenous
N-acyléthanolamine (NAE) dérivée de l'acide adrénique 22:4n-6, homologue à chaîne allongée de deux carbones de l'anandamide
Pharmacokinetics
Aucune étude de pharmacocinétique dédiée n'a été publiée. Par analogie avec les autres N-acyléthanolamines, la molécule est fortement lipophile, se répartit dans les membranes et les compartiments lipidiques, circule associée aux protéines plasmatiques et présente une persistance tissulaire brève en raison de son hydrolyse enzymatique rapide. Les paramètres humains d'absorption, de distribution, de biodisponibilité orale et d'élimination ne sont pas caractérisés.
Metabolism
La dégradation repose sur l'amide hydrolase des acides gras (FAAH), qui rompt la liaison amide et libère l'acide adrénique et l'éthanolamine ; la N-acyléthanolamine acide amidase (NAAA) participe à la voie lysosomale commune aux N-acyléthanolamines. Les concentrations tissulaires de cette famille de lipides suivent directement l'activité de ces hydrolases, ce que confirment les études d'inhibition pharmacologique. L'acide adrénique libéré rejoint ensuite le métabolisme des acides gras polyinsaturés de la série n-6. Les éventuels métabolites oxydés de la molécule intacte ne sont pas décrits.
Toxicology and risks
Aucune toxicologie n'est établie pour ce métabolite endogène. Les seules expositions rapportées sont expérimentales, chez le rongeur, à des doses produisant des effets cannabimimétiques transitoires sans mortalité décrite. Il n'existe ni cas humain d'intoxication, ni étude de toxicité à doses répétées, ni évaluation de génotoxicité ou de reprotoxicité. La molécule n'est pas commercialisée pour la consommation humaine et ne fait l'objet d'aucun signalement dans les dispositifs de réduction des risques.
Detection and analysis
La quantification passe par la chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse en tandem, au sein des profils lipidomiques de N-acyléthanolamines appliqués au plasma, au liquide céphalorachidien et aux tissus nerveux, avec des limites de détection descendant à l'échelle picomolaire. Aucune méthode forensique dédiée n'existe : le composé étant endogène, il n'est recherché ni dans les dépistages toxicologiques de stupéfiants, ni dans les contrôles antidopage, et sa présence dans un échantillon biologique n'a aucune valeur probante d'une consommation.
References
- 1.Hanuš L, Gopher A, Almog S, Mechoulam R. Two new unsaturated fatty acid ethanolamides in brain that bind to the cannabinoid receptor. J Med Chem. 1993;36(20):3032-4PMID 8411021
- 2.Barg J, Fride E, Hanuš L, et al. Cannabinomimetic behavioral effects of and adenylate cyclase inhibition by two new endogenous anandamides. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995;287(2):145-52PMID 8749028
- 3.Alharthi N, et al. n-3 polyunsaturated N-acylethanolamines are CB2 cannabinoid receptor-preferring endocannabinoids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2018PMID 30591150
- 4.Sheskin T, Hanuš L, Slager J, Vogel Z, Mechoulam R. Structural requirements for binding of anandamide-type compounds to the brain cannabinoid receptor. J Med Chem. 1997;40(5):659-67PMID 9057852
- 5.Endocannabinoid binding to the cannabinoid receptors: what is known and what remains unknown (revue, PMC4120766)
- 6.The expanding field of cannabimimetic and related lipid mediators (revue, PMC1576036)
- 7.PubChem CID 5282273, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z-docosatetraenamide
Structured data
- InChIKey
- FMVHVRYFQIXOAF-DOFZRALJSA-N
- SMILES
- CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCCCC(=O)NCCO
- Formula
- C24H41NO2
- Molar mass
- 375.60 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 150314-35-5
- PubChem CID
- 5282273
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.