ECS modulator (research)
UnscheduledO-1602
5-methyl-4-[(1R,6R)-3-methyl-6-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
Aliases.O 1602 · O1602
A GPR55 and GPR18 agonist with no CB1 or CB2 affinity: a laboratory tool, with no human data.
Updated on
Level of detail
Harm-reduction warning
No characterised human dose: animal / in vitro data only. Effect profile, safety margin and acute toxicity are not documented in human clinical practice. Extremely potent compound: severe effects, seizures and deaths reported in the literature.
Identifiers
- Formula
- C₁₇H₂₂O₂
- Molar mass
- 258.40 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 317321-41-8
- PubChem CID
- 45073499
- First described
- Le composé apparaît en 1999 dans un travail de l'équipe de George Kunos, au Medical College of Virginia et aux National Institutes of Health, publié dans les Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, qui décrivait un site endothélial de vasodilatation distinct des récepteurs CB1 et CB2. Sa préparation revient à Raj K. Razdan et à la société Organix Inc. de Woburn, dans le Massachusetts, dont l'initiale a donné son nom à toute la série des composés de code O. La cible principale de la molécule n'a été identifiée que huit ans plus tard : en 2007, deux équipes industrielles, celle de Ryberg chez AstraZeneca et celle de Johns chez GlaxoSmithKline, ont montré que l'O-1602 active le récepteur orphelin GPR55. L'activité sur le récepteur GPR18 a été caractérisée à partir de 2012.
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule: it occurs neither in cannabis, nor in any other plant, nor in the human body. It was designed as a laboratory reagent and has never left preclinical research, in cells and in rodents. It is used in no consumer product, whether food or cosmetic, and is distributed only by suppliers of research-grade chemicals.
- InChIKey
- KDZOUSULXZNDJH-LSDHHAIUSA-N
In plain terms
O-1602 is a molecule made in the laboratory, close to cannabidiol in shape, but absent from hemp as from any other plant. It serves researchers as a tool for studying two still poorly understood receptors, GPR55 and GPR18, and barely touches the usual cannabis receptors. It has never been tried in human beings and is used in no product sold in shops.
Receptors and activity
- GPR55CE50 de 2 nM en liaison au GTPγS sur GPR55 humain recombinant en cellules HEK293 (Johns et coll. 2007) ; 13 nM chez Ryberg et coll. 2007, soit un pCE50 de 7,9 à 8,9 selon l'IUPHARAgonist
- GPR18pCE50 de 7,2, soit une CE50 voisine de 65 nM (phosphorylation des kinases p44/42 sur cellules HEK293 exprimant GPR18) ; agonisme biaisé, sans recrutement de la bêta-arrestineAgonist
- Récepteur endothélial du cannabidiol anormalAgonist
- Chimiotaxie des neutrophiles humainsCI50 de 33 nM sur la migration induite par le fMLP, par un site distinct de CB1 et CB2Antagonist
- CB1Modulator
- CB2Modulator
- Agonist
- Partial agonist
- Antagonist
- Modulator
- Inverse agonist
Hover over a row for the precise value (Ki, EC50…)
Subjective signature
Hover over an axis to read its definition.
- Calm8
- Clarity5
- Sleep5
- Appetite18
- High5
Editorial estimate, not clinical.
Pharmacology
O-1602 is the methylated analogue of abnormal cannabidiol, itself a regioisomer of cannabidiol: the resorcinol ring is linked to the menthadienyl ring at position 4 and bears a methyl group where abnormal cannabidiol bears a pentyl chain. This architecture deprives it of any useful affinity for the CB1 and CB2 receptors, which explains the absence of sedation and of psychotropic effect observed in animals. Its scientific interest lies in its atypical targets. It activates the orphan receptor GPR55 with nanomolar potency, an EC50 of 2 nM in GTPγS binding at the recombinant human receptor, which makes it one of the reference agonists for this receptor. It also stimulates the GPR18 receptor, with an EC50 of about 65 nM and a biased agonism profile, calcium mobilisation and the p44/42 kinase pathway being recruited without beta-arrestin being so. Finally, it reproduces the vasodilatation attributed to the endothelial abnormal cannabidiol site. In rodents, the molecule reduced inflammation in models of colitis and acute pancreatitis, decreased the firing of nociceptive fibres in experimental arthritis, slowed tumour growth in models of colonic and mammary cancer, and stimulated insulin secretion. The picture nevertheless includes findings pointing the other way: the compound increases food intake and adiposity, promotes hepatic steatosis through a pathway involving GPR55, PI3 kinase, Akt and SREBP-1c, proves pronociceptive in a model of neuropathic pain, and prolonged administration in the obese rat left macroscopic alterations of the liver and kidney. Several of these effects persist in mice lacking GPR55, which signals still unknown targets. Human data are entirely lacking: no pharmacokinetics, no characterised metabolism, no clinical trial, no safety profile. O-1602 remains a pharmacological tool and not an established therapeutic candidate.
Key sources.
- Járai Z et coll., Cannabinoid-induced mesenteric vasodilation through an endothelial site distinct from CB1 or CB2 receptors, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999 (première mention du composé, synthèse Organix Inc.)PMID 10570211
- Ryberg E et coll., The orphan receptor GPR55 is a novel cannabinoid receptor, Br J Pharmacol 2007PMID 17876302
- Johns DG et coll., The novel endocannabinoid receptor GPR55 is activated by atypical cannabinoids but does not mediate their vasodilator effects, Br J Pharmacol 2007PMID 17704827
- Ashton JC, The atypical cannabinoid O-1602: targets, actions, and the central nervous system, Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2012PMID 22831390
- McHugh D et coll., Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and N-arachidonyl glycine are full agonists at GPR18 receptors and induce migration in human endometrial HEC-1B cells, Br J Pharmacol 2012PMID 21595653
- Console-Bram L et coll., Activation of GPR18 by cannabinoid compounds: a tale of biased agonism, Br J Pharmacol 2014PMID 24762058
- McHugh D et coll., Inhibition of human neutrophil chemotaxis by endogenous cannabinoids and phytocannabinoids: evidence for a site distinct from CB1 and CB2, Mol Pharmacol 2008PMID 17965195
- Al Suleimani YM et coll., Mechanisms of vasorelaxation induced by the cannabidiol analogue compound O-1602 in the rat small mesenteric artery, Eur J Pharmacol 2015PMID 26297305
- Schicho R et coll., The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 protects against experimental colitis and inhibits neutrophil recruitment, Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011PMID 21744421
- Schuelert N et McDougall JJ, The abnormal cannabidiol analogue O-1602 reduces nociception in a rat model of acute arthritis via the putative cannabinoid receptor GPR55, Neurosci Lett 2011PMID 21683763
- Breen C et coll., The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 increases hind paw sensitisation in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain, Neurosci Lett 2012PMID 22227298
- Díaz-Arteaga A et coll., The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 stimulates food intake and adiposity in rats, Diabetes Obes Metab 2012PMID 21981246
- Kang S et coll., O-1602 promotes hepatic steatosis through GPR55 and PI3 kinase/Akt/SREBP-1c signaling in mice, Int J Mol Sci 2021PMID 33803038
- Simcocks AC et coll., Atypical cannabinoid ligands O-1602 and O-1918 administered chronically in diet-induced obesity, Endocr Connect 2019 (altérations hépatiques et rénales)PMID 30707678
- Kargl J et coll., O-1602, an atypical cannabinoid, inhibits tumor growth in colitis-associated colon cancer through multiple mechanisms, J Mol Med 2013PMID 22965195
- IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology, fiche du ligand O-1602 (ligandId 5525), activités GPR55 et GPR18
- PubChem, composé CID 45073499 (O-1602), National Library of Medicine
- ChEMBL, fiche CHEMBL3402654 (données d'activité GPR55 et chimiotaxie des neutrophiles)
- Arrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances classées comme stupéfiants, annexe IV, Légifrance
Origin (research tool)
No biosynthetic pathway: the molecule originates from no living organism. It is a resorcinol obtained by organic synthesis, built on the skeleton of abnormal cannabidiol, whose coupling between the benzene-1,3-diol ring and the menthadienyl ring it retains, with a simple methyl group in place of the pentyl chain.
Legal framework
France
Unscheduled status in France. O-1602 is named in no ANSM scheduling decree, nor is it caught by the generic clause of annex IV of the decree of 22 February 1990, which covers tetrahydrocannabinols, their esters, their ethers, their salts and the salts of these derivatives: the compound is neither a tetrahydrocannabinol, nor an ester, nor an ether, nor a salt of a tetrahydrocannabinol, since it lacks the characteristic pyran ring and belongs to the open skeleton of cannabidiol. This absence of scheduling does not amount to authorisation, however: the molecule has no status as a food ingredient, supplement or cosmetic, benefits from no novel food authorisation, and offering it for sale for human consumption would be unlawful on that ground. It has legitimate existence only as a research reagent.
European Union
No international scheduling: the substance appears in the schedules of none of the United Nations conventions, has been the subject of no review by the WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, and does not figure among the new psychoactive substances monitored by the European Union Early Warning System managed by the EUDA, no report on the market having been recorded since its description. No marketing authorisation exists and no clinical trial has been conducted. In the European Union, the compound circulates only as a research chemical, subject to the general rules applicable to chemical substances and not to narcotics law.
Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.
Structural classification
- Class
- ECS modulator (research)
- Origin
- An entirely synthetic molecule: it occurs neither in cannabis, nor in any other plant, nor in the human body. It was designed as a laboratory reagent and has never left preclinical research, in cells and in rodents. It is used in no consumer product, whether food or cosmetic, and is distributed only by suppliers of research-grade chemicals.
- Status
- Unscheduled
Résorcinol de type cannabidiol : noyau benzène-1,3-diol couplé en position 4 à un cycle menthadiényle portant un groupe isopropényle, avec un méthyle en position 5. Le squelette reste ouvert, sans cycle pyranique, ce qui le distingue des composés de type tétrahydrocannabinol ; il correspond au cannabidiol anormal dont la chaîne pentyle a été ramenée à un seul carbone.
Pharmacokinetics
Aucune étude de pharmacocinétique n'a été publiée, ni chez l'animal, ni chez l'être humain. Les travaux précliniques administrent le composé par voie parentérale, le plus souvent intrapéritonéale, parfois intraveineuse, intra-artérielle ou intracérébroventriculaire, ce qui contourne entièrement la question de l'absorption digestive. Aucune valeur de biodisponibilité orale, de demi-vie, de volume de distribution ou de passage de la barrière hémato-encéphalique n'est disponible : l'existence d'une action centrale se déduit d'effets comportementaux et d'injections directes dans le cerveau, non d'une mesure de concentration cérébrale.
Metabolism
Le devenir métabolique de l'O-1602 n'a fait l'objet d'aucune publication : ni identification de métabolites, ni caractérisation des enzymes responsables, ni évaluation d'une interaction avec les cytochromes. La présence de deux fonctions phénol rend une glucuronoconjugaison plausible, par analogie avec le cannabidiol, mais il s'agit d'un raisonnement de chimie médicinale et non d'un résultat expérimental.
Toxicology and risks
Il n'existe aucune donnée de sécurité chez l'être humain, ni étude réglementaire de toxicité. Les signaux disponibles proviennent tous du rongeur. Une administration quotidienne pendant six semaines chez le rat rendu obèse par un régime gras a laissé des altérations macroscopiques du foie et du rein, avec des pigments hépatiques anormaux et le retrait d'un animal de l'analyse ; les auteurs en concluent que le composé ne convient pas au traitement de l'obésité. Sur hépatocytes et chez la souris, l'O-1602 favorise l'accumulation de lipides dans le foie par une voie dépendant de GPR55 et de la cascade PI3 kinase, Akt et SREBP-1c. Chez le rat, il augmente la prise alimentaire et la masse grasse. Dans un modèle de constriction chronique du nerf sciatique, il accroît la sensibilité de la patte, effet pronociceptif de sens inverse de l'analgésie observée dans l'arthrite aiguë. Aucun effet sédatif ni psychotrope n'a en revanche été rapporté, et l'activité locomotrice reste globalement inchangée aux doses actives.
Detection and analysis
Aucune méthode de dépistage ne cible cette molécule. Elle n'a jamais été signalée sur le marché des substances psychoactives, ne figure dans aucun panel toxicologique de routine, urinaire, sanguin ou salivaire, et aucune publication de médecine légale ne lui est consacrée. Les seuls dosages décrits restent analytiques et confinés au laboratoire de recherche.
References
- 1.Járai Z et coll., Cannabinoid-induced mesenteric vasodilation through an endothelial site distinct from CB1 or CB2 receptors, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999 (première mention du composé, synthèse Organix Inc.)PMID 10570211
- 2.Ryberg E et coll., The orphan receptor GPR55 is a novel cannabinoid receptor, Br J Pharmacol 2007PMID 17876302
- 3.Johns DG et coll., The novel endocannabinoid receptor GPR55 is activated by atypical cannabinoids but does not mediate their vasodilator effects, Br J Pharmacol 2007PMID 17704827
- 4.Ashton JC, The atypical cannabinoid O-1602: targets, actions, and the central nervous system, Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2012PMID 22831390
- 5.McHugh D et coll., Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and N-arachidonyl glycine are full agonists at GPR18 receptors and induce migration in human endometrial HEC-1B cells, Br J Pharmacol 2012PMID 21595653
- 6.Console-Bram L et coll., Activation of GPR18 by cannabinoid compounds: a tale of biased agonism, Br J Pharmacol 2014PMID 24762058
- 7.McHugh D et coll., Inhibition of human neutrophil chemotaxis by endogenous cannabinoids and phytocannabinoids: evidence for a site distinct from CB1 and CB2, Mol Pharmacol 2008PMID 17965195
- 8.Al Suleimani YM et coll., Mechanisms of vasorelaxation induced by the cannabidiol analogue compound O-1602 in the rat small mesenteric artery, Eur J Pharmacol 2015PMID 26297305
- 9.Schicho R et coll., The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 protects against experimental colitis and inhibits neutrophil recruitment, Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011PMID 21744421
- 10.Schuelert N et McDougall JJ, The abnormal cannabidiol analogue O-1602 reduces nociception in a rat model of acute arthritis via the putative cannabinoid receptor GPR55, Neurosci Lett 2011PMID 21683763
- 11.Breen C et coll., The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 increases hind paw sensitisation in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain, Neurosci Lett 2012PMID 22227298
- 12.Díaz-Arteaga A et coll., The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 stimulates food intake and adiposity in rats, Diabetes Obes Metab 2012PMID 21981246
- 13.Kang S et coll., O-1602 promotes hepatic steatosis through GPR55 and PI3 kinase/Akt/SREBP-1c signaling in mice, Int J Mol Sci 2021PMID 33803038
- 14.Simcocks AC et coll., Atypical cannabinoid ligands O-1602 and O-1918 administered chronically in diet-induced obesity, Endocr Connect 2019 (altérations hépatiques et rénales)PMID 30707678
- 15.Kargl J et coll., O-1602, an atypical cannabinoid, inhibits tumor growth in colitis-associated colon cancer through multiple mechanisms, J Mol Med 2013PMID 22965195
- 16.IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology, fiche du ligand O-1602 (ligandId 5525), activités GPR55 et GPR18
- 17.PubChem, composé CID 45073499 (O-1602), National Library of Medicine
- 18.ChEMBL, fiche CHEMBL3402654 (données d'activité GPR55 et chimiotaxie des neutrophiles)
- 19.Arrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances classées comme stupéfiants, annexe IV, Légifrance
Structured data
- InChIKey
- KDZOUSULXZNDJH-LSDHHAIUSA-N
- SMILES
- CC1=C[C@H]([C@@H](CC1)C(=C)C)C2=C(C=C(C=C2C)O)O
- Formula
- C17H22O2
- Molar mass
- 258.40 g·mol⁻¹
- CAS
- 317321-41-8
- PubChem CID
- 45073499
LLM ingestion format: a structured superset of the entry (identifiers, binding, versioned legal status). Full corpus.