PalGlyN-palmitoylglycine

Formula

C₁₈H₃₅NO₃

Molar mass

313.50 g·mol⁻¹

CAS

-

PubChem CID

151008

Origin

An endogenous mammalian lipid, present in most tissues and notably concentrated in skin and spinal cord. It belongs to the lipoamino acid family, the saturated congener of N-arachidonoylglycine, and comes from no plant source.

InChIKey

KVTFEOAKFFQCCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Editorial estimate, not clinical.

N-palmitoylglycine is an endogenous lipoamino acid, the saturated congener of N-arachidonoylglycine within the N-acylglycine family. Rimmerman and colleagues (2008) identified it in rat lipid extracts after postulating its existence from the availability of its two building blocks, palmitic acid and glycine, and found it at high levels in skin and spinal cord. In sensory neurons it acts as a modulator of calcium entry and nitric oxide production, which places it within sensory signalling rather than in cannabinoid neurotransmission proper. Its best characterised molecular target is the lipid receptor GPR132, also called G2A: Foster and colleagues (2019) show that it is the most potent activator among the N-acylamides tested, at concentrations that tissues genuinely reach. It does not directly activate CB1 and CB2 receptors: its interest lies in the lipid entourage of the endocannabinoid system, where the acylglycines exert anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, inhibition of T-type calcium channels having been proposed as a mechanism common to this class.

Conjugation of a saturated sixteen-carbon fatty acid, palmitic acid, with glycine, by the same enzyme systems that produce the other N-acylglycines. That route is distinct from the one leading to N-acylethanolamines such as anandamide, where it is ethanolamine and not an amino acid that carries the amide function.

Sources: EUR-Lex, UNODC, CND, ANSM, IUPHAR/BPS, ChEBI, EUDA. Our method.

Class

Endocannabinoid

Origin

An endogenous mammalian lipid, present in most tissues and notably concentrated in skin and spinal cord. It belongs to the lipoamino acid family, the saturated congener of N-arachidonoylglycine, and comes from no plant source.

Status

Endogenous

1. 1.Rimmerman et coll. 2008 : identification de la N-palmitoylglycine et modulation du calcium neuronalPMID 18424551
2. 2.Foster et coll. 2019 : les N-acylamides activent le récepteur lipidique G2A/GPR132PMID 31768260
3. 3.Inhibition des canaux calciques de type T par les lipoaminoacides endogènes (2009)PMID 19846698